A binary feedback scheme for congestion avoidance in computer networks
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
TCP and explicit congestion notification
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Dynamics of IP traffic: a study of the role of variability and the impact of control
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
What TCP/IP protocol headers can tell us about the web
Proceedings of the 2001 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Congestion control for high bandwidth-delay product networks
Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Modeling, simulation and measurements of queuing delay under long-tail internet traffic
SIGMETRICS '03 Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
The effects of active queue management on web performance
Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Controlling High-Bandwidth Flows at the Congested Router
ICNP '01 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols
The War between Mice and Elephants
ICNP '01 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols
An adaptive virtual queue (AVQ) algorithm for active queue management
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Differential Congestion Notification: Taming the Elephants
ICNP '04 Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Removing exponential backoff from TCP
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
NETWORKING '09 Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference
Why Is This Web Page Coming Up so Slow? Investigating the Loss of SYN Packets
NETWORKING '09 Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference
An Adaptive Optimized RTO Algorithm for Multi-homed Wireless Environments
WWIC 2009 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Wired/Wireless Internet Communications
Combined congestion control and link selection strategies for delay tolerant interplanetary networks
GLOBECOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Global telecommunications
Fast admission control for short TCP flows
GLOBECOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Global telecommunications
Upgrading mice to elephants: effects and end-point solutions
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Stout: an adaptive interface to scalable cloud storage
USENIXATC'10 Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
An adaptive-predictive architecture for video streaming servers
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Measuring the state of ECN readiness in servers, clients,and routers
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
NetBump: user-extensible active queue management with bumps on the wire
Proceedings of the eighth ACM/IEEE symposium on Architectures for networking and communications systems
Tuning ECN for data center networks
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
On the state of ECN and TCP options on the internet
PAM'13 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Passive and Active Measurement
Explicit multipath congestion control for data center networks
Proceedings of the ninth ACM conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
FavorQueue: A parameterless active queue management to improve TCP traffic performance
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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Despite the fact that Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) demonstrated a clear potential to substantially improve network performance, recent network measurements reveal an extremely poor usage of this option in today's Internet. In this paper, we analyze the roots of this phenomenon and develop a set of novel incentives to encourage network providers, end-hosts, and web servers to apply ECN.Initially, we examine a fundamental drawback of the current ECN specification, and demonstrate that the absence of ECN indications in TCP control packets can dramatically hinder system performance. While security reasons primarily prevent the usage of ECN bits in TCP SYN packets, we show that applying ECN to TCP SYN ACK packets can significantly improve system performance without introducing any novel security or stability side-effects. Our network experiments on a cluster of web servers show a dramatic performance improvement over the existing ECN specification: throughput increases by more than 40%, while the average web response-time simultaneously decreases by nearly an order of magnitude.In light of the above finding, using large-scale simulations, modeling, and network experiments, we re-investigate the relevance of ECN, and provide a set of practical recommendations and insights: (i) ECN systematically improves the performance of all investigated AQM schemes; contrary to common belief, this particularly holds for RED. (ii) The impact of ECN is highest for web-only traffic mixes such that even a generic AQM algorithm with ECN support outperforms all non-ECN-enabled AQM schemes that we investigated. (iii) Primarily due to moderate queuing levels, the superiority of ECN over other AQM mechanisms largely holds for high-speed backbone routers, even in more general traffic scenarios. (iv) End-hosts that apply ECN can exercise the above performance benefits instantly, without waiting for the entire Internet community to support the option.