Observations on the dynamics of a congestion control algorithm: the effects of two-way traffic
SIGCOMM '91 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architecture & protocols
Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
High performance TCP in ANSNET
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Wide area traffic: the failure of Poisson modeling
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Data networks as cascades: investigating the multifractal nature of Internet WAN traffic
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM '98 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Some observations on the dynamics of a congestion control algorithm
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Statistical bandwidth sharing: a study of congestion at flow level
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Difficulties in simulating the internet
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Aggregate traffic performance with active queue management and drop from tail
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Understanding the performance of many TCP flows
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Modeling, simulation and measurements of queuing delay under long-tail internet traffic
SIGMETRICS '03 Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
ICNP '97 Proceedings of the 1997 International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP '97)
Provisioning internet backbone networks to support latency sensitive applications
Provisioning internet backbone networks to support latency sensitive applications
Harpoon: a flow-level traffic generator for router and network tests
Proceedings of the joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Evaluating the number of active flows in a scheduler realizing fair statistical bandwidth sharing
SIGMETRICS '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Part I: buffer sizes for core routers
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Part III: routers with very small buffers
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
The power of explicit congestion notification
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Improving accuracy in end-to-end packet loss measurement
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
LTCP: improving the performance of TCP in highspeed networks
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Open issues in router buffer sizing
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
A DRAM/SRAM Memory Scheme for Fast Packet Buffers
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Detecting evasion attacks at high speeds without reassembly
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
A 3: application-aware acceleration for wireless data networks
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Update on buffer sizing in internet routers
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Proactively controlling round-trip time variation and packet drops using SmoothTCP-q
QShine '06 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Quality of service in heterogeneous wired/wireless networks
A critique of recently proposed buffer-sizing strategies
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
TCP: Local stability and Hopf bifurcation
Performance Evaluation
Impact of background traffic on performance of high-speed TCP variant protocols
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Performance analysis of TCP/AQM with generalized AIMD under intermediate buffer sizes
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
TCP self-clocking and bandwidth sharing
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
On the predictability of large transfer TCP throughput
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Cloud control with distributed rate limiting
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Efficient identification of uncongested internet links for topology downscaling
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
On queue provisioning, network efficiency and the transmission control protocol
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Characterizing residential broadband networks
Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
FluNet: A hybrid internet simulator for fast queue regimes
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Experimental evaluation of TCP protocols for high-speed networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
An efficient technique to analyze the impact of bursty TCP traffic in wide-area networks
Performance Evaluation
Experimenting with buffer sizes in routers
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM/IEEE Symposium on Architecture for networking and communications systems
Predicting the performance of internet-like networks using scaled-down replicas
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
An SLA perspective on the router buffer sizing problem
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Router buffer sizing revisited: the role of the output/input capacity ratio
CoNEXT '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM CoNEXT conference
A geometric approach to improving active packet loss measurement
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Proceedings of the ACM workshop on Programmable routers for extensible services of tomorrow
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Economics of networked systems
Vertical dimensioning: A novel DRR implementation for efficient fair queueing
Computer Communications
Removing exponential backoff from TCP
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Experimental study of router buffer sizing
Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Simulation studies on router buffer sizing for short-lived and pacing TCP flows
Computer Communications
Achieving 100% throughput in TCP/AQM under aggressive packet marking with small buffer
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Buffer sizing results for RCP congestion control under connection arrivals and departures
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Phrase based browsing for simulation traces of network protocols
Proceedings of the 40th Conference on Winter Simulation
Perspectives on router buffer sizing: recent results and open problems
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Performance analysis of a Poisson-Pareto queue over the full range of system parameters
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A priority-layered approach to transport for high bandwidth-delay product networks
CoNEXT '08 Proceedings of the 2008 ACM CoNEXT Conference
Modeling and emulation of internet paths
NSDI'09 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX symposium on Networked systems design and implementation
Complementing TCP Congestion Control with Forward Error Correction
NETWORKING '09 Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Packet pacing in small buffer optical packet switched networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Buffer management for lossless service in shared buffer switches
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Multiprocessor networks with small buffers: theory and simulation
SpringSim '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Spring Simulation Multiconference
Router buffer sizing for TCP traffic and the role of the output/input capacity ratio
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A simple memory management system for packet buffers
DNCOCO'09 Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Data networks, communications, computers
SpeedDetect: a simple TCP extension for handling sudden capacity increase
NGI'09 Proceedings of the 5th Euro-NGI conference on Next Generation Internet networks
Convergence of trajectories and optimal buffer sizing for MIMD congestion control
Computer Communications
The effect of router buffer size on R-bias in high-speed variants of TCP
SPECTS'09 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Symposium on Performance Evaluation of Computer & Telecommunication Systems
Multipath protocol for delay-sensitive traffic
COMSNETS'09 Proceedings of the First international conference on COMmunication Systems And NETworks
Bounds on end-to-end delay and jitter in input-buffered and internally-buffered IP networks
SARNOFF'09 Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Sarnoff symposium
A low-jitter guaranteed-rate scheduling algorithm for packet-switched IP routers
IEEE Transactions on Communications
Measurement and performance issues of transport protocols over 10Gbps high-speed optical networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
How expensive is link utilization?
NET-COOP'07 Proceedings of the 1st EuroFGI international conference on Network control and optimization
A statistical bandwidth sharing perspective on buffer sizing
ITC20'07 Proceedings of the 20th international teletraffic conference on Managing traffic performance in converged networks
Statistical detection of congestion in routers
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Light-weight control of non-responsive traffic with low buffer requirements
NETWORKING'07 Proceedings of the 6th international IFIP-TC6 conference on Ad Hoc and sensor networks, wireless networks, next generation internet
The effects of fairness in buffer sizing
NETWORKING'07 Proceedings of the 6th international IFIP-TC6 conference on Ad Hoc and sensor networks, wireless networks, next generation internet
Trading link utilization for queueing delays: An adaptive approach
Computer Communications
Convergence of trajectories and optimal buffer sizing for AIMD congestion control
Performance Evaluation
Pathdiag: automated TCP diagnosis
PAM'08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Passive and active network measurement
Modeling TCP in small-buffer networks
NETWORKING'08 Proceedings of the 7th international IFIP-TC6 networking conference on AdHoc and sensor networks, wireless networks, next generation internet
Evaluating buffer-constrained routers under bursty and shaped traffic
ANTS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advanced networks and telecommunication systems
A new design for end-to-end proportional loss differentiation in IP networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Fast admission control for short TCP flows
GLOBECOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Global telecommunications
Practical packet pacing in small-buffer networks
ICC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Communications
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Enabling a bufferless core network using edge-to-edge packet-level FEC
INFOCOM'10 Proceedings of the 29th conference on Information communications
Performance analysis of FDL buffers: a heuristic approach with impatience and quantization
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Queueing Theory and Network Applications
Cable modem buffer management in DOCSIS networks
Sarnoff'10 Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE conference on Sarnoff
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
ABS: Adaptive buffer sizing for heterogeneous networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Next generation on-chip networks: what kind of congestion control do we need?
Hotnets-IX Proceedings of the 9th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks
On the characteristics and reasons of long-lived internet flows
IMC '10 Proceedings of the 10th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
On content-centric router design and implications
Proceedings of the Re-Architecting the Internet Workshop
On the design of load factor based congestion control protocols for next-generation networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Evaluation of HTTP-based request-response streams for internet video streaming
MMSys '11 Proceedings of the second annual ACM conference on Multimedia systems
Analysis of traffic correlation attacks on router queues
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Queue stability analysis and performance evaluation of a TCP-compliant window management mechanism
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Optical packet buffers for backbone internet routers
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Buffer sizing for 802.11-based networks
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Operating a network link at 100%
PAM'11 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Passive and active measurement
Design of active queue management for robust control on access router for heterogeneous networks
EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking
Scalable QoS-aware memory controller for high-bandwidth packet memory
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Stability analysis of QCN: the averaging principle
Proceedings of the ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Taming the elephants: New TCP slow start
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Stability analysis of QCN: the averaging principle
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review - Performance evaluation review
Performance evaluation of a single node with general arrivals and service
ASMTA'11 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Analytical and stochastic modeling techniques and applications
Node pacing for small optical RAM-buffered packet-switching networks
Photonic Network Communications
Impact of file arrivals and departures on buffer sizing in core routers
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Anomalous loss performance for mixed real-time and TCP traffic in routers with very small buffers
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Improved TCP performance during the upward vertical handover using an IEEE 802.21 MIHF framework
ICHIT'11 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Convergence and hybrid information technology
Latency and saturation in networks with finite buffers
Proceedings of the 14th Communications and Networking Symposium
Bufferbloat: dark buffers in the internet
Communications of the ACM
FIFO Service with Differentiated Queueing
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM/IEEE Seventh Symposium on Architectures for Networking and Communications Systems
Bufferbloat: Dark Buffers in the Internet
Queue - Virtualization
Adapting router buffers for energy efficiency
Proceedings of the Seventh COnference on emerging Networking EXperiments and Technologies
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
The effect of router buffer size on queue length-based AQM schemes
GCC'05 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing
NETWORKING'06 Proceedings of the 5th international IFIP-TC6 conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communications Systems
Attaining VoIP–Grade qos via deflection: a buffer space tradeoff study
NETWORKING'05 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP-TC6 international conference on Networking Technologies, Services, and Protocols; Performance of Computer and Communication Networks; Mobile and Wireless Communication Systems
The location of optimum set-point using a fuzzy controller
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part IV
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
On the use of teletraffic theory in power distribution systems
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Future Energy Systems: Where Energy, Computing and Communication Meet
RPT: re-architecting loss protection for content-aware networks
NSDI'12 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Less is more: trading a little bandwidth for ultra-low latency in the data center
NSDI'12 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Unmasking the growing UDP traffic in a campus network
PAM'12 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Passive and Active Measurement
Buffer scaling for optical packet switching networks with shared RAM
Optical Switching and Networking
Sharing small optical buffers between real-time and TCP traffic
Optical Switching and Networking
AIST: insights into queuing and loss on highly multiplexed links
Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE 20th International Workshop on Quality of Service
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2012 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Periodic early detection for improved TCP performance and energy efficiency
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A switch-based approach to throughput collapse and starvation in data centers
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Hybrid Simulation of Packet-Level Networks and Functional-Level Routers
PADS '12 Proceedings of the 2012 ACM/IEEE/SCS 26th Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed Simulation
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review - Special october issue SIGCOMM '12
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Proceedings of the 7th Latin American Networking Conference
Efficient buffering and scheduling for a single-chip crosspoint-queued switch
Proceedings of the eighth ACM/IEEE symposium on Architectures for networking and communications systems
Tuning ECN for data center networks
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
Reproducible network experiments using container-based emulation
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
Light-weight traffic parameter estimation for on-line bandwidth provisioning
Proceedings of the 24th International Teletraffic Congress
How to model a TCP/IP network using only 20 parameters
Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Late-binding: how to lose fewer packets during handoff
Proceeding of the 2013 workshop on Cellular networks: operations, challenges, and future design
SABRE: a client based technique for mitigating the buffer bloat effect of adaptive video flows
Proceedings of the 4th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference
An on-demand queue management architecture for a programmable traffic manager
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Small is better: avoiding latency traps in virtualized data centers
Proceedings of the 4th annual Symposium on Cloud Computing
High-performance implementation of in-network traffic pacing for small-buffer networks
Computer Communications
Heuristic performance model of optical buffers for variable length packets
Photonic Network Communications
Deflating link buffers in a wireless mesh network
Ad Hoc Networks
FavorQueue: A parameterless active queue management to improve TCP traffic performance
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Circuit switching under the radar with REACToR
NSDI'14 Proceedings of the 11th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Recursively cautious congestion control
NSDI'14 Proceedings of the 11th USENIX Conference on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Hi-index | 0.02 |
All Internet routers contain buffers to hold packets during times of congestion. Today, the size of the buffers is determined by the dynamics of TCP's congestion control algorithm. In particular, the goal is to make sure that when a link is congested, it is busy 100% of the time; which is equivalent to making sure its buffer never goes empty. A widely used rule-of-thumb states that each link needs a buffer of size B = overlineRTT x C, where overlineRTT is the average round-trip time of a flow passing across the link, and C is the data rate of the link. For example, a 10Gb/s router linecard needs approximately 250ms x 10Gb/s = 2.5Gbits of buffers; and the amount of buffering grows linearly with the line-rate. Such large buffers are challenging for router manufacturers, who must use large, slow, off-chip DRAMs. And queueing delays can be long, have high variance, and may destabilize the congestion control algorithms. In this paper we argue that the rule-of-thumb (B = (overlineRTT x C) is now outdated and incorrect for backbone routers. This is because of the large number of flows (TCP connections) multiplexed together on a single backbone link. Using theory, simulation and experiments on a network of real routers, we show that a link with n flows requires no more than B = (overlineRTT x C) √n, for long-lived or short-lived TCP flows. The consequences on router design are enormous: A 2.5Gb/s link carrying 10,000 flows could reduce its buffers by 99% with negligible difference in throughput; and a 10Gb/s link carrying 50,000 flows requires only 10Mbits of buffering, which can easily be implemented using fast, on-chip SRAM.