Growing systems in emergent organizations
Communications of the ACM
Is paper safer? The role of paper flight strips in air traffic control
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI) - Special issue on interface design for safety-critical interactive systems: when there is no room for user error
Something from nothing: augmenting a paper-based work practice via multimodal interaction
DARE '00 Proceedings of DARE 2000 on Designing augmented reality environments
Rationalizing Medical Work: Decision-Support Techniques and Medical Practices
Rationalizing Medical Work: Decision-Support Techniques and Medical Practices
Information Processing and Human-Machine Interaction: An Approach to Cognitive Engineering
Information Processing and Human-Machine Interaction: An Approach to Cognitive Engineering
Getting to the point: developing IT for the sharp end of healthcare
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special issue: Human-centered computing in health information systems. Part 1: Analysis and design
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special issue: Human-centered computing in health information systems. Part 1: Analysis and design
The uses of paper in commercial airline flight operations
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
To err is not entirely human: complex technology and user cognition
Journal of Biomedical Informatics - Special section: JAMA commentaries
Joint Cognitive Systems
Emergency department status boards: user-evolved artefacts for inter- and intra-group coordination
Cognition, Technology and Work
Using cognitive artifacts to understand distributed cognition
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Health Informatics Symposium
In search of common ground in handoff documentation in an Intensive Care Unit
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
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Background: In response to inherent inadequacies in health information technologies, clinicians create their own tools for managing their information needs. Little is known about these clinician-designed information tools. With greater appreciation for why clinicians resort to these tools, health information technology designers can develop systems that better meet clinicians' needs and that can also support clinicians in design and use of their own information tools. Objective: To describe the design characteristics and use of a clinician-designed information tool in supporting information transfer and care coordination Design: Observations, semi-structured interviews, and photographing were used to collect data. Participants were six nurse coordinators in a high-volume trauma hospital. Content analysis was carried out and interactions with information tools were analyzed. Results: Nurse coordinators used a paper-based information tool (a nurse coordinator's clipboard) that consisted of the compilation of essential data from disparate information sources. The tool was assembled twice daily through (1) selecting and formatting key data from multiple information systems (such as the unit census and the EHR), (2) data reduction (e.g., by cutting and whitening out non-essential items from the print-outs of computerized information systems), (3) bundling (e.g., organizing pieces of information and taping them to each other), and (4) annotating (e.g., through the use of colored highlighters and shorthand symbols). It took nurse coordinators an average of 41min to assemble the clipboard. The design goals articulated by nurse coordinators to fit the tool into their tasks included (1) making information compatible with the mobile nature of their work, (2) enabling rapid information access and note-taking under time pressure, and (3) supporting rapid information processing and attention management through the effective use of layout design, shorthand symbols, and color-coding. Conclusions: Clinicians design their own information tools based on the existing health information technologies to meet their information needs. The characteristics of these clinician-designed tools provide insights into the ''realities'' of how clinicians work with health information technologies. The findings suggest an often overlooked role for health information technologies: facilitating user creation of information tools that will best meet their needs.