The Intel AES Instructions Set and the SHA-3 Candidates
ASIACRYPT '09 Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security: Advances in Cryptology
Information Processing Letters
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
Cryptography for network security: failures, successes and challenges
MMM-ACNS'10 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Mathematical methods, models and architectures for computer network security
Side-channel analysis of the K2 stream cipher
ACISP'10 Proceedings of the 15th Australasian conference on Information security and privacy
SAC'10 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Selected areas in cryptography
The software performance of authenticated-encryption modes
FSE'11 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Fast software encryption
Efficient hashing using the AES instruction set
CHES'11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Cryptographic hardware and embedded systems
TreVisor: OS-independent software-based full disk encryption secure against main memory attacks
ACNS'12 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security
Length-doubling ciphers and tweakable ciphers
ACNS'12 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security
Key-Dependent weakness of AES-Based ciphers under clockwise collision distinguisher
ICISC'12 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Information Security and Cryptology
Hi-index | 0.00 |
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is the Federal Information Processing Standard for symmetric encryption. It is widely believed to be secure and efficient, and is therefore broadly accepted as the standard for both government and industry applications. If fact, almost any new protocol requiring symmetric encryption supports AES, and many existing systems that were originally designed with other symmetric encryption algorithms are being converted to AES. Given the popularity of AES and its expected long term importance, improving AES performance and security has significant benefits for the PC client and server platforms. To this end, Intel is introducing a new set of instructions into the next generation of its processors, starting from 2009. The new architecture has six instructions: four instructions (AESENC, AESENCLAST, AESDEC, and AESDELAST) facilitate high performance AES encryption and decryption, and the other two (AESIMC and AESKEYGENASSIST) support the AES key expansion. Together, these instructions provide full hardware support for AES, offering high performance, enhanced security, and a great deal of software usage flexibility, and are therefore useful for a wide range of cryptographic applications. The AES instructions can support AES encryption and decryption with each one of the standard key lengths (128, 192, and 256 bits), using the standard block size of 128 bits. They can also be used for all other block sizes of the general RIJNDAEL cipher. The instructions are well suited to all common uses of AES, including bulk encryption/decryption using cipher modes such as ECB, CBC and CTR, data authentication using CBC-MACs (e.g., CMAC), random number generation using algorithms such as CTR-DRBG, and authenticated encryption using modes such as GCM. Beyond improving performance, the AES instructions provide important security benefits. Since the instructions run in data independent time and do not use table lookups, they help eliminating the major timing and cache-based attacks that threaten table-lookup based software implementations of AES. In addition, these instructions make AES simple to implement, with reduced code size. This helps reducing the risk of inadvertent introduction of security flaws, such as difficult-to-detect side channel leaks. This paper provides an overview of the new AES instructions and how they can be used for achieving high performance and secure AES processing. Some special usage models of this architecture are also described.