Average-Case Analyses of Vickrey Costs

  • Authors:
  • Prasad Chebolu;Alan Frieze;Páll Melsted;Gregory B. Sorkin

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Liverpool, Liverpool, U.K. L69 3BX;Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh 15213;Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh 15213;IBM Research, NY 10598

  • Venue:
  • APPROX '09 / RANDOM '09 Proceedings of the 12th International Workshop and 13th International Workshop on Approximation, Randomization, and Combinatorial Optimization. Algorithms and Techniques
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

We explore the average-case "Vickrey" cost of structures in three random settings: the Vickrey cost of a shortest path in a complete graph or digraph with random edge weights; the Vickrey cost of a minimum spanning tree (MST) in a complete graph with random edge weights; and the Vickrey cost of a perfect matching in a complete bipartite graph with random edge weights. In each case, in the large-size limit, the Vickrey cost is precisely 2 times the (non-Vickrey) minimum cost, but this is the result of case-specific calculations, with no general reason found for it to be true. Separately, we consider the problem of sparsifying a complete graph with random edge weights so that all-pairs shortest paths are preserved approximately. The problem of sparsifying a given graph so that for every pair of vertices, the length of the shortest path in the sparsified graph is within some multiplicative factor and/or additive constant of the original distance has received substantial study in theoretical computer science. For the complete digraph ${\vec{K}_n}$ with random edge weights, we show that whp ***(n ln n ) edges are necessary and sufficient for a spanning subgraph to give good all-pairs shortest paths approximations.