Queuing Network Modeling of Driver Workload and Performance
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Estimating cognitive load using remote eye tracking in a driving simulator
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Evaluating the applicability of current models of workload to peer-based human-robot teams
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Human-robot interaction
An ambient agent model for monitoring and analysing dynamics of complex human behaviour
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
An ambient agent model for monitoring and analysing dynamics of complex human behaviour
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Trip experience sampling: assessing driver experience in the field
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
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In this paper, we describe changes in heart rate and skin conductance that result from an artificial manipulation of driver cognitive workload during an on-road driving study. Cognitive workload was increased systematically through three levels of an auditory delayed digit recall (n-back) task. Results show that changes in heart rate and skin conductance with increasing levels of workload are similar to those observed in an earlier simulation study. Heart rate increased in a step-wise fashion through the first two increases in load and then showed a less marked increase at the highest task level. Skin conductance increased most dramatically during the first level of the cognitive task and then appeared to more rapidly approach a ceiling (leveling) than heart rate. Findings further demonstrate the applicability of physiological indices for detecting changes in driver workload.