Perception of solid shape from shading
Biological Cybernetics
Gabor Analysis and Algorithms: Theory and Applications
Gabor Analysis and Algorithms: Theory and Applications
Conveying the 3D Shape of Smoothly Curving Transparent Surfaces via Texture
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
View direction, surface orientation and texture orientation for perception of surface shape
GI '04 Proceedings of the 2004 Graphics Interface Conference
An Approach to the Perceptual Optimization of Complex Visualizations
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Texturing of Layered Surfaces for Optimal Viewing
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Grid With a View: Optimal Texturing for Perception of Layered Surface Shape
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A method for the perceptual optimization of complex visualizations
Proceedings of the Working Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
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We report on an experiment designed to examine the effect of type and size of projection textures on the ability of human subjects to correctly estimate the surface normal on each of two terrain-like layered surfaces. Normal estimation was determined by the ability to correctly orient a probe so that it is aligned with the normal local to the surface to which it is attached. All presentations were optimized for layered surface viewing, being displayed on a high resolution stereoscope and with a rocking motion to provide motion cues. Three texture types were examined, each at both coarse and fine scales. One texture consisted of random dots, containing no consistent structural pattern. The other two texture types provided structure in two orthogonal directions, with one being a regular square grid, and the other parallel hatch marks arranged in ranks to form perceptual lines orthogonal to the hatches. The experiment demonstrates that structured patterns, indicating shape in two orthogonal directions, are superior to random dots. Using a grid on the bottom layer significantly improves perception of the bottom surface. However, between grids and hatches, there is no other statistically significant evidence that using differing texture type or scale across the two surfaces enhances the ability to estimate shape.