What do reflections tell us about the shape of a mirror?
APGV '04 Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Applied perception in graphics and visualization
Non-photorealistic rendering in context: an observational study
Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering
An Approach to the Perceptual Optimization of Complex Visualizations
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Volume illustration using wang cubes
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Grid With a View: Optimal Texturing for Perception of Layered Surface Shape
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Evaluating Information Visualizations
Information Visualization
Evaluation of Non-photorealistic 3D Urban Models for Mobile Device Navigation
VMR '09 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Virtual and Mixed Reality: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Factors influencing the choice of projection textures for displaying layered surfaces
Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization
Volume composition and evaluation using eye-tracking data
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Towards mapping the field of non-photorealistic rendering
NPAR '10 Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering
Importance-driven structure categorization for 3D surgery planning
EG VCBM'10 Proceedings of the 2nd Eurographics conference on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine
An evaluation of glyph perception for real symmetric traceless tensor properties
EuroVis'10 Proceedings of the 12th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
EuroVis'11 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
Streamlines for illustrative real-time rendering
EuroVis '13 Proceedings of the 15th Eurographics Conference on Visualization
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We describe the results of two comprehensive controlled observer experiments intended to yield insight into the following question: If we could design the ideal texture pattern to apply to an arbitrary smoothly curving surface in order to enable its 3D shape to be most accurately and effectively perceived, what would the characteristics of that texture pattern be? We begin by reviewing the results of our initial study in this series, which were presented at the 2003 IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, and offer an expanded analysis of those findings. We continue by presenting the results of a follow-on study in which we sought to more specifically investigate the separate and combined influences on shape perception of particular texture components, with the goal of obtaining a clearer view of their potential information carrying capacities. In each study, we investigated the observers' ability to identify the intrinsic shape category of a surface patch (elliptical, hyperbolic, cylindrical, or flat) and its extrinsic surface orientation (convex, concave, both, or neither). In our first study, we compared performance under eight different texture type conditions, plus two projection conditions (perspective or orthographic) and two viewing conditions (head-on or oblique). We found that: 1) shape perception was better facilitated, in general, by the bidirectional "principal direction grid" pattern than by any of the seven other patterns tested; 2) shape type classification accuracy remained high under the orthographic projection condition for some texture types when the viewpoint was oblique; 3) perspective projection was required for accurate surface orientation classification; and 4) shape classification accuracy was higher when the surface patches were oriented at a (generic) oblique angle to the line of sight than when they were oriented (in a nongeneric pose) to face the viewpoint straight on. In our second study, we compared performance under eight new t- - exture type conditions, redesigned to facilitate gathering insight into the cumulative effects of specific individual directional components in a wider variety of multidirectional texture patterns. We found that shape classification accuracy was equivalently good under a variety of test patterns that included components following either the first or first and second principal directions, in addition to other directions, suggesting that a principal direction grid texture is not the only possible "best option" for enhancing shape representation.