Conditional nonlinear planning
Proceedings of the first international conference on Artificial intelligence planning systems
Extending Graphplan to handle uncertainty and sensing actions
AAAI '98/IAAI '98 Proceedings of the fifteenth national/tenth conference on Artificial intelligence/Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Structured reactive controllers: controlling robots that perform everyday activity
Proceedings of the third annual conference on Autonomous Agents
Believable agents: building interactive personalities
Believable agents: building interactive personalities
Goal-driven learning in the GILA integrated intelligence architecture
IJCAI'09 Proceedings of the 21st international jont conference on Artifical intelligence
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Typically, autonomous believable agents are implemented using static, hand-authored reactive behaviors or scripts. This hand-authoring allows designers to craft expressive behavior for characters, but can lead to excessive authorial burden, as well as result in characters that are brittle to changing world dynamics. In this paper, we present an approach for the runtime adaptation of reactive behaviors for autonomous believable characters. Extending transformational planning, our system allows autonomous characters to monitor and reason about their behavior execution and to use this reasoning to dynamically rewrite their behaviors. In our evaluation, we transplant two characters in a sample tag game from the original world they were written for into a different one, resulting in behavior that violates the author intended personality. The reasoning layer successfully adapts the character's behaviors so as to bring its long-term behavior back into agreement with its personality.