BCH coding and intelligent watermark embedding: Employing both frequency and strength selection

  • Authors:
  • Imran Usman;Asifullah Khan

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, 45650 Islamabad, Pakistan;Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, 45650 Islamabad, Pakistan and Department of Mechatronics, Gwangju Institute of Scie ...

  • Venue:
  • Applied Soft Computing
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach of adaptive visual tuning of a watermark in Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) domain. The proposed approach intelligently selects appropriate frequency bands as well as optimal strength of alteration. Genetic Programming (GP) is applied to structure the watermark by exploiting both the characteristics of human visual system and information pertaining to a cascade of conceivable attacks. The developed visual tuning expressions are dependent on frequency and luminance sensitivities, and contrast masking. To further enhance robustness, spread spectrum based watermarking and Bose-Chadhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) coding is employed. The combination of spread spectrum sequence, BCH coding and GP based non-linear structuring makes it extremely difficult for an attacker to gain information about the secret knowledge of the watermarking system. Experimental results show the superiority of the proposed approach against the existing approaches. Especially, the margin of improvement in robustness will be of high importance in medical and context aware related applications of watermarking.