Neural Network-Based Face Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Support Vector Machines for 3D Object Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
From Few to Many: Illumination Cone Models for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting and Pose
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Distortion Invariant Object Recognition in the Dynamic Link Architecture
IEEE Transactions on Computers
The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression (PIE) Database
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Recognition with Local Features: the Kernel Recipe
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Robust Real-Time Face Detection
International Journal of Computer Vision
Kernel Methods for Pattern Analysis
Kernel Methods for Pattern Analysis
Support Vector Machine with Local Summation Kernel for Robust Face Recognition
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 3 - Volume 03
Object Recognition with Features Inspired by Visual Cortex
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Multiclass Object Recognition with Sparse, Localized Features
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 1
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Fast, Accurate and Robust Recognition Based On Local Normalized Linear Summation Kernel
DICTA '07 Proceedings of the 9th Biennial Conference of the Australian Pattern Recognition Society on Digital Image Computing Techniques and Applications
An introduction to kernel-based learning algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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Kernel-based methods are effective for object detection and recognition. However, the computational cost when using kernel functions is high, except when using linear kernels. To realize fast and robust recognition, we apply normalized linear kernels to local regions of a recognition target, and the kernel outputs are integrated by summation. This kernel is referred to as a local normalized linear summation kernel. Here, we show that kernel-based methods that employ local normalized linear summation kernels can be computed by a linear kernel of local normalized features. Thus, the computational cost of the kernel is nearly the same as that of a linear kernel and much lower than that of radial basis function (RBF) and polynomial kernels. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated in face detection and recognition problems, and we confirm that our kernel provides higher accuracy with lower computational cost than RBF and polynomial kernels. In addition, our kernel is also robust to partial occlusion and shadows on faces since it is based on the summation of local kernels.