Fisher Light-Fields for Face Recognition across Pose and Illumination
Proceedings of the 24th DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition
Appearance-Based 3-D Face Recognition from Video
Proceedings of the 24th DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition
Face Recognition Based on Fitting a 3D Morphable Model
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Illumination Modeling and Normalization for Face Recognition
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Absolute Head Pose Estimation From Overhead Wide-Angle Cameras
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Rank Constrained Recognition under Unknown Illuminations
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression Database
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Gabor-Based Kernel PCA with Fractional Power Polynomial Models for Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
WBMA '03 Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMM workshop on Biometrics methods and applications
Generalized low rank approximations of matrices
ICML '04 Proceedings of the twenty-first international conference on Machine learning
Face Recognition Using Laplacianfaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Acquiring Linear Subspaces for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Locally adaptive classification piloted by uncertainty
ICML '06 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Machine learning
Total Variation Models for Variable Lighting Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An efficient illumination normalization method for face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Personal authentication based on generalized symmetric max minimal distance in subspace
ICME '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 2
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face recognition from a single image per person: A survey
Pattern Recognition
Statistical Performance Evaluation of Biometric Authentication Systems Using Random Effects Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face recognition using elastic local reconstruction based on a single face image
Pattern Recognition
Interest point detection using imbalance oriented selection
Pattern Recognition
Robust detection of outliers for projection-based face recognition methods
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Pose-encoded spherical harmonics for face recognition and synthesis using a single image
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Facial feature extraction using complex dual-tree wavelet transform
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Real time face and mouth recognition using radial basis function neural networks
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
On sampling-based approximate spectral decomposition
ICML '09 Proceedings of the 26th Annual International Conference on Machine Learning
Bilateral Two-Dimensional Locality Preserving Projections with Its Application to Face Recognition
ISNN 2009 Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part III
Pose Normalization for Local Appearance-Based Face Recognition
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Enhanced supervised locally linear embedding
Pattern Recognition Letters
Incremental learning of bidirectional principal components for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Two-dimensional maximum margin feature extraction for face recognition
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on cybernetics and cognitive informatics
Local normalized linear summation kernel for fast and robust recognition
Pattern Recognition
Laplacian Discriminant Projection Based on Affinity Propagation
AICI '09 Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence
Comparison of Optimisation Algorithms for Deformable Template Matching
ISVC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing: Part II
Multiresolution face recognition
Image and Vision Computing
Face recognition under varying illumination using gradientfaces
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Efficient statistical face recognition across pose using local binary patterns and Gabor wavelets
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
Canonical Stiefel quotient and its application to generic face recognition in illumination spaces
BTAS'09 Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE international conference on Biometrics: Theory, applications and systems
Efficient 3D reconstruction for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Steerable pyramid-based face hallucination
Pattern Recognition
Probabilistic learning for fully automatic face recognition across pose
Image and Vision Computing
An image preprocessing algorithm for illumination invariant face recognition
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
Assessment of time dependency in face recognition: an initial study
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
PCM'07 Proceedings of the multimedia 8th Pacific Rim conference on Advances in multimedia information processing
An adaptively weighted sub-pattern locality preserving projection for face recognition
Journal of Network and Computer Applications
Supervised locally linear embedding in tensor space
IITA'09 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Intelligent information technology application
Adapted active appearance models
Journal on Image and Video Processing
Linear discriminant projection embedding based on patches alignment
Image and Vision Computing
Exemplar based Laplacian Discriminant Projection
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Artificial Intelligence Review
Fovea intensity comparison code for person identification and verification
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Learning parts-based representation for face transition
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Linear projection methods in face recognition under unconstrained illuminations: a comparative study
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Probabilistic identity characterization for face recognition
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
An efficient face recognition algorithm based on robust principal component analysis
ICIMCS '10 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service
Face alignment under variable illumination
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Illuminating light field: image-based face recognition across illuminations and poses
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Eigen-harmonics faces: face recognition under generic lighting
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
3D shape constraint for facial feature localization using probabilistic-like output
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Face recognition under varying lighting conditions using self quotient image
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Automatic 3D reconstruction for face recognition
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Clustering appearances of objects under varying illumination conditions
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
A novel convergence acheme for active appearance models
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
ACCV'10 Proceedings of the 10th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part II
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A study on illumination invariant face recognition methods based on multiple eigenspaces
ISNN'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in neural networks - Volume Part II
Homomorphic filtering based illumination normalization method for face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
The fast and the flexible: extended pseudo two-dimensional warping for face recognition
IbPRIA'11 Proceedings of the 5th Iberian conference on Pattern recognition and image analysis
Null space based image recognition using incremental eigendecomposition
IbPRIA'11 Proceedings of the 5th Iberian conference on Pattern recognition and image analysis
A novel facial expression database construction method based on web images
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service
Gabor feature based face recognition using supervised locality preserving projection
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
Curve mapping based illumination adjustment for face detection
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
Modeling phase spectra using gaussian mixture models for human face identification
ICAPR'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis - Volume Part II
Proposal of novel histogram features for face detection
ICAPR'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis - Volume Part II
Re-lighting and compensation for face images
CAIP'05 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Probabilistic linear discriminant analysis
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part IV
Pose-encoded spherical harmonics for robust face recognition using a single image
AMFG'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures
The role of statistical models in biometric authentication
ICB'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Perception based lighting balance for face detection
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Spectral clustering with discriminant cuts
Knowledge-Based Systems
Pose invariant face recognition under arbitrary illumination based on 3d face reconstruction
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Face recognition under varying lighting based on derivates of log image
SINOBIOMETRICS'04 Proceedings of the 5th Chinese conference on Advances in Biometric Person Authentication
Perception-Based lighting adjustment of image sequences
ACCV'09 Proceedings of the 9th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
Trace quotient problems revisited
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Exemplar based laplacian discriminant projection
ICSI'10 Proceedings of the First international conference on Advances in Swarm Intelligence - Volume Part II
An improved hybrid approach to face recognition by fusing local and global discriminant features
International Journal of Biometrics
Enhanced fisher discriminant criterion for image recognition
Pattern Recognition
Mining discriminative components with low-rank and sparsity constraints for face recognition
Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
A novel efficient local illumination compensation method based on DCT in logarithm domain
Pattern Recognition Letters
Sampling methods for the Nyström method
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Expert Systems: The Journal of Knowledge Engineering
Hi4D-ADSIP 3-D dynamic facial articulation database
Image and Vision Computing
Image and Vision Computing
Face recognition method based on dynamic threshold local binary pattern
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications
SVDD-based illumination compensation for face recognition
ICB'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Demographic classification with local binary patterns
ICB'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Kernel similarity based AAMs for face recognition
ACIVS'12 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems
Morphable displacement field based image matching for face recognition across pose
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Joint face alignment: rescue bad alignments with good ones by regularized re-fitting
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Spatio-temporal multifeature for facial analysis
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Coupled marginal fisher analysis for low-resolution face recognition
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
The kernel semi-least squares method for sparse distance approximation
Neural Computation
A study on the effective approach to illumination-invariant face recognition based on a single image
CCBR'12 Proceedings of the 7th Chinese conference on Biometric Recognition
Feature extraction using two-dimensional neighborhood margin and variation embedding
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Skin Segmentation Based on Human Face Illumination Feature
WI-IAT '12 Proceedings of the The 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 03
Towards the Optimal Discriminant Subspace
WI-IAT '12 Proceedings of the The 2012 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology - Volume 01
Locality-Constrained active appearance model
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Robust face recognition using the GAP feature
Pattern Recognition
Image and Vision Computing
Residual image compensations for enhancement of high-frequency components in face hallucination
ISNN'13 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Advances in Neural Networks - Volume Part I
MMU GASPFA: A COTS multimodal biometric database
Pattern Recognition Letters
Integration of multi-feature fusion and dictionary learning for face recognition
Image and Vision Computing
Large-scale SVD and manifold learning
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Bilinear discriminative dictionary learning for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Face recognition using scale-adaptive directional and textural features
Pattern Recognition
A Comprehensive Survey to Face Hallucination
International Journal of Computer Vision
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Between October 2000 and December 2000 we collected a database of over 40,000 facial images of 68 people. Using the CMU 3D Room we imaged each person across 13 different poses, under 43 different illumination conditions, and with 4 different expressions. We call this database the CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression (PIE) database. In this paper we describe the imaging hardware, the collection procedure, the organization of the database, several potential uses of the database, and how to obtain the database.