Application of the Karhunen-Loeve Procedure for the Characterization of Human Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An introduction to wavelets
Image Representation Using 2D Gabor Wavelets
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition: The Problem of Compensating for Changes in Illumination Direction
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Looking at People: Sensing for Ubiquitous and Wearable Computing
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The Quotient Image: Class-Based Re-Rendering and Recognition with Varying Illuminations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Distortion Invariant Object Recognition in the Dynamic Link Architecture
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Reconstruction of Partially Damaged Face Images Based on a Morphable Face Model
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
What is the set of images of an object under all possible lighting conditions?
CVPR '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '96)
Illumination Cones for Recognition under Variable Lighting: Faces
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
From Few to Many: Generative Models for Recognition Under Variable Pose and Illumination
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Illumination invariant object recognition
ICIP '95 Proceedings of the 1995 International Conference on Image Processing (Vol. 3)-Volume 3 - Volume 3
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 4 - Volume 4
Face recognition using independent component analysis and support vector machines
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication (AVBPA 2001)
The CMU Pose, Illumination, and Expression (PIE) Database
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Illumination ratio image: synthesizing and recognition with varying illuminations
Pattern Recognition Letters
Recognizing faces with PCA and ICA
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on Face recognition
Optimal sampling of Gabor features for face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Locating and extracting the eye in human face images
Pattern Recognition
Illumination invariant face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Recognition of head-and-shoulder face image using virtual frontal-view image
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Face recognition by independent component analysis
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
Shadow compensation in 2D images for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Face recognition using elastic local reconstruction based on a single face image
Pattern Recognition
A method of illumination compensation for human face image based on quotient image
Information Sciences: an International Journal
An efficient image normalization method for face recognition under varying illuminations
MIR '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
An Analysis-by-Synthesis Method for Heterogeneous Face Biometrics
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Face Recognition under Variant Illumination Using PCA and Wavelets
SCIA '09 Proceedings of the 16th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis
An illumination normalization model for face recognition under varied lighting conditions
Pattern Recognition Letters
An analysis of automatic gender classification
CIARP'07 Proceedings of the Congress on pattern recognition 12th Iberoamerican conference on Progress in pattern recognition, image analysis and applications
Illumination-robust face recognition using retina modeling
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Lighting aware preprocessing for face recognition across varying illumination
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part II
Face recognition based on 2D images under illumination and pose variations
Pattern Recognition Letters
A novel local illumination normalization approach for face recognition
ISNN'11 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advances in neural networks - Volume Part II
Mutual information refinement for flash-no-flash image alignment
ACIVS'11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Advanced concepts for intelligent vision systems
A novel face recognition approach under illumination variations based on local binary pattern
CAIP'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Computer analysis of images and patterns - Volume Part II
A comparative study on illumination preprocessing in face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Weighted Modular Image Principal Component Analysis for face recognition
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Face recognition after plastic surgery: a comprehensive study
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
Multi-linear neighborhood preserving projection for face recognition
Pattern Recognition
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In this paper, an efficient representation method insensitive to varying illumination is proposed for human face recognition. Theoretical analysis based on the human face model and the illumination model shows that the effects of varying lighting on a human face image can be modeled by a sequence of multiplicative and additive noises. Instead of computing these noises, which is very difficult for real applications, we aim to reduce or even remove their effect. In our method, a local normalization technique is applied to an image, which can effectively and efficiently eliminate the effect of uneven illuminations while keeping the local statistical properties of the processed image the same as in the corresponding image under normal lighting condition. After processing, the image under varying illumination will have similar pixel values to the corresponding image that is under normal lighting condition. Then, the processed images are used for face recognition. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated based on the Yale database, the AR database, the PIE database, the YaleB database and the combined database by using different face recognition methods such as PCA, ICA and Gabor wavelets. Consistent and promising results were obtained, which show that our method can effectively eliminate the effect of uneven illumination and greatly improve the recognition results.