Recognition by Linear Combinations of Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special issue on interpretation of 3-D scenes—part I
Space and Time Bounds on Indexing 3D Models from 2D Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special issue on interpretation of 3-D scenes—part I
Generalization to Novel Views: Universal, Class-based, andModel-based Processing
International Journal of Computer Vision
Visual Recognition and Categorization on the Basis of Similarities to Multiple Class Prototypes
International Journal of Computer Vision
International Journal of Computer Vision - Special issue on computer vision research at NEC Research Institute
The Quotient Image: Class-Based Re-Rendering and Recognition with Varying Illuminations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Statistical Richness of Visual Phase Information: Update on Recognizing Persons by Iris Patterns
International Journal of Computer Vision
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition Using Line Edge Map
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Simple hybrid classifier for face recognition with adaptively generated virtual data
Pattern Recognition Letters
Adjustment Learning and Relevant Component Analysis
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
Illumination Normalized Face Image for Face Recognition
Proceedings of the Joint IAPR International Workshop on Structural, Syntactic, and Statistical Pattern Recognition
A Simple Illumination Normalization Algorithm for Face Recognition
PRICAI '02 Proceedings of the 7th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence: Trends in Artificial Intelligence
Wavelet Packets for Lighting-Effects Determination
WAA '01 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Its Applications
An Illumination-Insensitive Face Matching Algorithm
PCM '02 Proceedings of the Third IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Evaluating the complexity of databases for person identification and verification
CAIP '99 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Features for robust face-based identity verification
Signal Processing
Comparing Images under Variable Illumination
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Fast features for face authentication under illumination direction changes
Pattern Recognition Letters
Illumination Normalization for Robust Face Recognition Against Varying Lighting Conditions
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Illumination Modeling and Normalization for Face Recognition
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Special issue on face recognition
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on Face recognition
Face recognition with visible and thermal infrared imagery
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on Face recognition
Face recognition: A literature survey
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Segmented Linear Subspaces for Illumination-Robust Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
Illumination insensitive recognition using eigenspaces
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Discriminative Common Vectors for Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Recognition invariance obtained by extended and invariant features
Neural Networks - 2004 Special issue Vision and brain
Recent advances in visual and infrared face recognition: a review
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Acquiring Linear Subspaces for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Detecting and removing specularities in facial images
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Multimodal Person Recognition for Human-Vehicle Interaction
IEEE MultiMedia
Total Variation Models for Variable Lighting Face Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Inferior Temporal Neurons Show Greater Sensitivity to Nonaccidental than to Metric Shape Differences
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Face recognition using multi-feature and radial basis function network
VIP '02 Selected papers from the 2002 Pan-Sydney workshop on Visualisation - Volume 22
Multiscale Fusion of Visible and Thermal IR Images for Illumination-Invariant Face Recognition
International Journal of Computer Vision
An efficient illumination normalization method for face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Face recognition using multiple facial features
Pattern Recognition Letters
Face recognition under arbitrary illumination using illuminated exemplars
Pattern Recognition
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Face recognition using spectral features
Pattern Recognition
Illumination Invariant Face Recognition Using Near-Infrared Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Distinctiveness of faces: A computational approach
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
2D and 3D face recognition: A survey
Pattern Recognition Letters
Geometric invariants for 2D/3D face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Elastic shape-texture matching for human face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Face recognition using elastic local reconstruction based on a single face image
Pattern Recognition
A probabilistic fusion methodology for face recognition
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Robust face imagematching under illumination variations
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Application of image correction and bit-plane fusion in generalized PCA based face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
An improved method for Daugman's iris localization algorithm
Computers in Biology and Medicine
A method of illumination compensation for human face image based on quotient image
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Toward robust face analysis method of non-cooperative persons in stereo color image sequences
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
An engineering approach to sociable robots
Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence
CAI '07 Proceedings of the 20th conference of the Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
ICIAR '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
On Using Dimensionality Reduction Schemes to Optimize Dissimilarity-Based Classifiers
CIARP '08 Proceedings of the 13th Iberoamerican congress on Pattern Recognition: Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications
An efficient image normalization method for face recognition under varying illuminations
MIR '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
A pose-wise linear illumination manifold model for face recognition using video
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A Gabor Quotient Image for Face Recognition under Varying Illumination
ISVC '08 Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Advances in Visual Computing, Part II
A methodology for rapid illumination-invariant face recognition using image processing filters
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Illumination Invariant Face Detection Using Classifier Fusion
PCM '08 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
CAR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Asia Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics
Improving the interest operator for face recognition
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Histogram remapping as a preprocessing step for robust face recognition
WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications
Image normalization techniques for robust face recognition
ISPRA'09 Proceedings of the 8th WSEAS international conference on Signal processing, robotics and automation
DT-CWT Feature Structure Representation for Face Recognition under Varying Illumination Using EMD
ISNN 2009 Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Neural Networks: Advances in Neural Networks - Part III
ICB '09 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Advances in Biometrics
Illumination-robust face recognition based on Gabor feature face intrinsic identity PCA model
CIMMACS'08 Proceedings of the 7th WSEAS international conference on Computational intelligence, man-machine systems and cybernetics
A bi-modal face recognition framework integrating facial expression with facial appearance
Pattern Recognition Letters
A method towards face recognition
International Journal of Intelligent Systems Technologies and Applications
Weight-Based Facial Expression Recognition from Near-Infrared Video Sequences
SCIA '09 Proceedings of the 16th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis
Face Recognition under Variant Illumination Using PCA and Wavelets
SCIA '09 Proceedings of the 16th Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis
Median MSD-based method for face recognition
Neurocomputing
Face illumination normalization based on illumination-separated face identity texture subspace
ISCGAV'09 Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS international conference on Signal processing, computational geometry and artificial vision
Detecting and removing specularities in facial images
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Comparison of spectral-only and spectral/spatial face recognition for personal identity verification
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing - Special issue on recent advances in biometric systems: a signal processing perspective
Tuning Kernel Parameters with Different Gabor Features for Face Recognition
ICIC '07 Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Computing: Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications. With Aspects of Artificial Intelligence
Multiresolution face recognition
Image and Vision Computing
Online evolutionary context-aware classifier ensemble framework for object recognition
SMC'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics
Proceedings of the International Conference and Workshop on Emerging Trends in Technology
Illumination invariant face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Emulating biological strategies for uncontrolled face recognition
Pattern Recognition
Robust face detection using Gabor filter features
Pattern Recognition Letters
Selecting discriminant eigenfaces for face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Eliminating variation of face images using face symmetry
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
Face shape recovery and recognition using a surface gradient based statistical model
CAIP'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer analysis of images and patterns
An illumination normalization model for face recognition under varied lighting conditions
Pattern Recognition Letters
A 3D face recognition algorithm based on nonuniform re-sampling correspondence
ISVC'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advances in visual computing - Volume Part II
Illuminated facial preprocessing with wavelet local binary patterns histogram specification
ICICS'09 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Information, communications and signal processing
Determining discriminative anatomical point pairings using adaboost for 3D face recognition
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Illumination-robust face recognition using retina modeling
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Enhanced local texture feature sets for face recognition under difficult lighting conditions
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Inter-image outliers and their application to image classification
Pattern Recognition
Lighting aware preprocessing for face recognition across varying illumination
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part II
A multiple combining method for optimizing dissimilarity-based classification
ACIIDS'10 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Intelligent information and database systems: Part II
Thermal face recognition in an operational scenario
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Wavelet local binary patterns fusion as illuminated facial image preprocessing for face verification
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
On improving dissimilarity-based classifications using a statistical similarity measure
CIARP'10 Proceedings of the 15th Iberoamerican congress conference on Progress in pattern recognition, image analysis, computer vision, and applications
Gabor feature based face recognition using kernel methods
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
A comparison of photometric normalisation algorithms for face verification
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Classification-based face detection using gabor filter features
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
Face recognition under varying lighting conditions using self quotient image
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
An empirical evaluation on dimensionality reduction schemes for dissimilarity-based classifications
Pattern Recognition Letters
Clustering appearances of objects under varying illumination conditions
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Face recognition under variable lighting using harmonic image exemplars
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Joint manifold distance: a new approach to appearance based clustering
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Face recognition from still images to video sequences: a local-feature-based framework
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Special issue on advanced video-based surveillance
The application of neural network and wavelet in human face illumination compensation
ISNN'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in neural networks - Volume Part II
Face classification via sparse approximation
BioID'11 Proceedings of the COST 2101 European conference on Biometrics and ID management
Homomorphic filtering based illumination normalization method for face recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
A hybrid method for 3D face localization
ACAI '11 Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing and Artificial Intelligence
A novel local illumination normalization approach for face recognition
ISNN'11 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advances in neural networks - Volume Part II
An improvement method for daugman's iris localization algorithm
ISNN'11 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advances in neural networks - Volume Part II
An improvement of dissimilarity-based classifications using sift algorithm
PReMI'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Pattern recognition and machine intelligence
A novel face recognition approach under illumination variations based on local binary pattern
CAIP'11 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Computer analysis of images and patterns - Volume Part II
ISVC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in visual computing - Volume Part I
Robust video authentication system over internet protocol
International Journal of Biometrics
Generalized PCA face recognition by image correction and bit feature fusion
ICONIP'06 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Neural Information Processing - Volume Part II
A comparative study of face representations in the frequency domain
CIARP'06 Proceedings of the 11th Iberoamerican conference on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis and Applications
Curve mapping based illumination adjustment for face detection
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
An illumination invariant face recognition approach using exemplar-based synthesis technique
CAIP'05 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns
Face recognition from video using the generic shape-illumination manifold
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part IV
Gabor-Eigen-Whiten-Cosine: a robust scheme for face recognition
AMFG'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures
Face detection using convolutional neural networks and gabor filters
ICANN'05 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Artificial Neural Networks: biological Inspirations - Volume Part I
Illumination normalization for color face images
ISVC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Visual Computing - Volume Part I
Illumination invariant feature selection for face recognition
PCM'05 Proceedings of the 6th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - Volume Part II
Illumination invariant face recognition using linear combination of face exemplars
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Photometric normalisation for face verification
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Robust face recognition across lighting variations using synthesized exemplars
ICIC'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Advances in Intelligent Computing - Volume Part I
Advanced correlation filters for face recognition using low-resolution visual and thermal imagery
ICIAR'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
Recognising persons by their iris patterns
SINOBIOMETRICS'04 Proceedings of the 5th Chinese conference on Advances in Biometric Person Authentication
Face recognition under varying lighting based on derivates of log image
SINOBIOMETRICS'04 Proceedings of the 5th Chinese conference on Advances in Biometric Person Authentication
Compact binary patterns (CBP) with multiple patch classifiers for fast and accurate face recognition
CompIMAGE'10 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Computational Modeling of Objects Represented in Images
Quaternion correlation filters for illumination invariant face recognition
CIARP'11 Proceedings of the 16th Iberoamerican Congress conference on Progress in Pattern Recognition, Image Analysis, Computer Vision, and Applications
Face recognition from visible and near-infrared images using boosted directional binary code
ICIC'11 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advanced Intelligent Computing Theories and Applications: with aspects of artificial intelligence
Face recognition system invariant to light-camera setup
PerMIn'12 Proceedings of the First Indo-Japan conference on Perception and Machine Intelligence
Class dependent 2d correlation filter for illumination tolerant face recognition
PerMIn'12 Proceedings of the First Indo-Japan conference on Perception and Machine Intelligence
Kinship verification through transfer learning
IJCAI'11 Proceedings of the Twenty-Second international joint conference on Artificial Intelligence - Volume Volume Three
A novel efficient local illumination compensation method based on DCT in logarithm domain
Pattern Recognition Letters
Performance evaluation of subspace methods to tackle small sample size problem in face recognition
Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics
Gabor filter-based texture features to archaeological ceramic materials characterization
ICISP'12 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Image and Signal Processing
Comparing face recognition algorithms to humans on challenging tasks
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
Down Syndrome Diagnosis Based on Gabor Wavelet Transform
Journal of Medical Systems
Face matching between near infrared and visible light images
ICB'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Illumination Invariant Face Recognition Using Quaternion-Based Correlation Filters
Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision
A study on the effective approach to illumination-invariant face recognition based on a single image
CCBR'12 Proceedings of the 7th Chinese conference on Biometric Recognition
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Robust face recognition via occlusion dictionary learning
Pattern Recognition
Random subspace support vector machine ensemble for reliable face recognition
International Journal of Biometrics
Detection of human faces in a compressed domain for video stratification
The Visual Computer: International Journal of Computer Graphics
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A face recognition system must recognize a face from a novel image despite the variations between images of the same face. A common approach to overcoming image variations because of changes in the illumination conditions is to use image representations that are relatively insensitive to these variations. Examples of such representations are edge maps, image intensity derivatives, and images convolved with 2D Gabor-like filters. Here we present an empirical study that evaluates the sensitivity of these representations to changes in illumination, as well as viewpoint and facial expression. Our findings indicated that none of the representations considered is sufficient by itself to overcome image variations because of a change in the direction of illumination. Similar results were obtained for changes due to viewpoint and expression. Image representations that emphasized the horizontal features were found to be less sensitive to changes in the direction of illumination. However, systems based only on such representations failed to recognize up to 20 percent of the faces in our database. Humans performed considerably better under the same conditions. We discuss possible reasons for this superiority and alternative methods for overcoming illumination effects in recognition.