Sparse dynamic programming II: convex and concave cost functions

  • Authors:
  • David Eppstein;Zvi Galil;Raffaele Giancarlo;Giuseppe F. Italiano

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-;-;-

  • Venue:
  • Journal of the ACM (JACM)
  • Year:
  • 1992

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Abstract

Dynamic programming solutions to two recurrence equations, used to compute a sequence alignment from a set of matching fragments between two strings, and to predict RNA secondary structure, are considered. These recurrences are defined over a number of points that is quadratic in the input size; however, only a sparse set matters for the result. Efficient algorithms are given for solving these problems, when the cost of a gap in the alignment or a loop in the secondary structure is taken as a convex or concave function of the gap or loop length. The time complexity of our algorithms depends almost linearly on the number of points that need to be considered; when the problems are sparse, this results in a substantial speed-up over known algorithms.