Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Principal Manifolds and Probabilistic Subspaces for Visual Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Think globally, fit locally: unsupervised learning of low dimensional manifolds
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Two-Dimensional PCA: A New Approach to Appearance-Based Face Representation and Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Discriminant Analysis with Tensor Representation
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Multilinear Independent Components Analysis
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Generalized Low Rank Approximations of Matrices
Machine Learning
Graph Embedding and Extensions: A General Framework for Dimensionality Reduction
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Is two-dimensional PCA equivalent to a special case of modular PCA?
Pattern Recognition Letters
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Enhanced independent component analysis and its application to content based face image retrieval
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Comments on “On Image Matrix Based Feature Extraction Algorithms”
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Robust linear dimensionality reduction
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
On the selection and classification of independent features
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Learning multiview face subspaces and facial pose estimation using independent component analysis
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Face recognition by independent component analysis
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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The key problem of extracting independent components (ICs) is to learn the demixing matrix from the known training images which can be unfolded to vectors in conventional independent component analysis (ICA). However, the unfolded vectors lead to the small sample size problem (SSS) and the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, a novel independent feature extraction method is proposed to solve these problems by encoding each input image as a matrix. In addition, the row and column directional images of the matrix are introduced to better exploit the spatial and structural information embedded in image during the training phase. Compared with the conventional ICA, the proposed method directly evaluates the two correlated demixing matrices from the image matrix without matrix-to-vector transformation, greatly alleviates the SSS and the curse of dimensionality, reduces the computational complexity, and simultaneously exploits the spatial and structural information embedded in image. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method is superior to the standard ICA method and some unsupervised methods.