Designing for usability: key principles and what designers think
Communications of the ACM
Designing the user interface: strategies for effective human-computer interaction
Designing the user interface: strategies for effective human-computer interaction
CHI '86 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Applying cognitive psychology to user-interface design
Applying cognitive psychology to user-interface design
Applying cognitive psychology to user-interface design
The vocabulary problem in human-system communication
Communications of the ACM
Navigation and mapping in large-scale space
AI Magazine
Cumulating the science of HCI: from s-R compatibility to transcription typing
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Graphical specification of user interfaces with behavior abstraction
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Prototyping techniques for different problem contexts
CHI '89 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The evaluation of online help systems: a conceptual model
The society of text: hypertext, hypermedia, and the social construction of information
Hypertext and hypermedia
Writing better computer user documentation: from paper to hypertext (version 2.0)
Writing better computer user documentation: from paper to hypertext (version 2.0)
Reflections on participatory design: lessons from the trillium experience
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Comprehending non-linear text: the role of discourse cues and reading strategies
HYPERTEXT '87 Proceedings of the ACM conference on Hypertext
Online Help: Design and Evaluation
Online Help: Design and Evaluation
HyperCard Stack Design Guidelines
HyperCard Stack Design Guidelines
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
The Psychology of Human-Computer Interaction
Human Problem Solving
Software usability: choosing appropriate methods for evaluating online systems and documentation
SIGDOC '93 Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Systems documentation
Documentation: not yet implemented, but coming soon!
The human-computer interaction handbook
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The paper examines the extralinguistic factors that influence user behavior with online information systems. Extralinguistic factors include any interface features which are “outside” how users understand and comprehend written texts online. Extralinguistic features, therefore, are interface features that support (1) how users formulate their information goals or represent their tasks, (2) how users navigate to new or related topics of interest to them, and (3) how users quickly scan (rather than read) online information. It is argued that text comprehension is only one task that users engage in when using online information systems. A model of online user behavior that includes goal setting, navigating, scanning, and text comprehension is outlined. I argue that a broader definition of online information use is necessary and discuss various design principles for avoiding communication breakdowns beforeusers reach their desired information. Finally, I conclude by suggesting that a Participatory Design Approach to the design of human-computer interfaces is one method of undermining our tendency, as software designers, to apply design advice and guidelines without first accounting for user tasks and information goals.