Efficient frequency domain video scrambling for content access control
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Digital watermarking
Video Compression
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Video Watermark Technique in Motion Vector
SIBGRAPI '01 Proceedings of the 14th Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing
Information hiding: steganography, attacks, and countermeasures
Information hiding: steganography, attacks, and countermeasures
A Hybrid Watermarking Scheme for H.264/AVC Video
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 4 - Volume 04
Steganography in Compressed Video Stream
ICICIC '06 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1
Improved bit rate control for real-time MPEG watermarking
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Video Compression and Communications: From Basics to H.261, H.263, H.264, MPEG4 for DVB and HSDPA-Style Adaptive Turbo-Transceivers
Multiple messages embedding using DCT-Based mod4 steganographic method
MRCS'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Multimedia Content Representation, Classification and Security
Digital Video Steganalysis Exploiting Statistical Visibility in the Temporal Domain
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
A DCT-based MPEG-2 transparent scrambling algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Capacity-approaching codes for reversible data hiding
IH'11 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Information hiding
Exploring pixel-value differencing and base decomposition for low distortion data embedding
Applied Soft Computing
An improved DCT-based perturbation scheme for high capacity data hiding in H.264/AVC intra frames
Journal of Systems and Software
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Although many data hiding methods are proposed in the literature, all of them distort the quality of the host content during data embedding. In this paper, we propose a novel data hiding method in the compressed video domain that completely preserves the image quality of the host video while embedding information into it. Information is embedded into a compressed video by simultaneously manipulating Mquant and quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients, which are the significant parts of MPEG and H.26x-based compression standards. To the best of our knowledge, this data hiding method is the first attempt of its kind. When fed into an ordinary video decoder, the modified video completely reconstructs the original video even compared at the bit-to-bit level. Our method is also reversible, where the embedded information could be removed to obtain the original video. A new data representation scheme called reverse zerorun length (RZL) is proposed to exploit the statistics of macroblock for achieving high embedding efficiency while trading off with payload. It is theoretically and experimentally verified that RZL outperforms matrix encoding in terms of payload and embedding efficiency for this particular data hiding method. The problem of video bitstream size increment caused by data embedding is also addressed, and two independent solutions are proposed to suppress this increment. Basic performance of this data hiding method is verified through experiments on various existing MPEG-1 encoded videos. In the best case scenario, an average increase of four bits in the video bitstream size is observed for every message bit embedded.