An improved DCT-based perturbation scheme for high capacity data hiding in H.264/AVC intra frames

  • Authors:

  • Tseng-Jung Lin;Kuo-Liang Chung;Po-Chun Chang;Yong-Huai Huang;Hong-Yuan Mark Liao;Chiung-Yao Fang

  • Affiliations:

  • Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10672, Taiwan, ROC;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10672, Taiwan, ROC;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10672, Taiwan, ROC;Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering and Department of Electronic Engineering, Jinwen University of Science and Technology, No. 99, An-Chung Road, Hsin-Tien Dist., New Taipei City 2 ...;Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, No. 128, Academia Road, Section 2, Taipei 115, Taiwan, ROC;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, No. 162, Heping East Road Section 1, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Systems and Software
  • Year:
  • 2013

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Abstract

Recently, Ma et al. proposed an efficient error propagation-free discrete cosine transform-based (DCT-based) data hiding algorithm that embeds data in H.264/AVC intra frames. In their algorithm, only 46% of the 4x4 luma blocks can be used to embed hidden bits. In this paper, we propose an improved error propagation-free DCT-based perturbation scheme that fully exploits the remaining 54% of luma blocks and thereby doubles the data hiding capacity of Ma et al.'s algorithm. Further, in order to preserve the visual quality and increase the embedding capacity of the embedded video sequences, a new set of sifted 4x4 luma blocks is considered in the proposed DCT-based perturbation scheme. The results of experiments on twenty-six test video sequences confirm the embedding capacity superiority of the proposed improved algorithm while keeping the similar human visual effect in terms of SSIM (structural similarity) index.