The Cathedral and the Bazaar
Defining grief play in MMORPGs: player and developer perceptions
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGCHI International Conference on Advances in computer entertainment technology
Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals
Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals
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This paper reports on the preliminary findings of a study examining the nature of rules in the online multiplayer game modification Defense of the Ancients (DotA). It was found that players use numerous truce calls (categorised broadly as fainties, parlay, pax and cheap) to negotiate rules or the maintenance of 'fair play' in a game. The possibility of providing feedback on the use of truce calls to developers as part of the design process is also considered.