Envisioning information
Choosing effective colours for data visualization
Proceedings of the 7th conference on Visualization '96
Information visualization: perception for design
Information visualization: perception for design
Color-Defective Vision and Computer Graphics Displays
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Field Guide to Digital Color
Detail Preserving Reproduction of Color Images for Monochromats and Dichromats
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
SmartColor: disambiguation framework for the colorblind
Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Efficient edge-services for colorblind users
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web
Accommodating color blind computer users
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
An interface to support color blind computer users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Color in Image and Video Processing
Web-page color modification for barrier-free color vision with genetic algorithm
GECCO'03 Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation: PartII
Accessibility for individuals with color vision deficiency
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium adjunct on User interface software and technology
Calibration games: making calibration tasks enjoyable by adding motivating game elements
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Improving calibration time and accuracy for situation-specific models of color differentiation
The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Accessibility for individuals with color vision deficiency
ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing
SSMRecolor: improving recoloring tools with situation-specific models of color differentiation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Situation-Specific Models of Color Differentiation
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
Many people, many eyes: aggregating influences of visual perception on user interface design
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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Color is commonly used to represent categories and values in many computer applications, but differentiating these colors can be difficult in many situations (e.g., for users with color vision deficiency (CVD), or in bright light). Current solutions to this problem can adapt colors based on standard simulations of CVD, but these models cover only a fraction of the ways in which color perception can vary. To improve the specificity and accuracy of these approaches, we have developed the first ever individualized model of color differentiation (ICD). The model is based on a short calibration performed by a particular user for a particular display, and so automatically covers all aspects of the user's ability to see and differentiate colors in an environment. In this paper we introduce the new model and the manner in which differentiability limits are predicted. We gathered empirical data from 16 users to assess the model's accuracy and robustness. We found that the model is highly effective at capturing individual differentiation abilities, works for users with and without CVD, can be tuned to balance accuracy and color availability, and can serve as the basis for improved color adaptation schemes.