Choosing effective colours for data visualization
Proceedings of the 7th conference on Visualization '96
Color-Defective Vision and Computer Graphics Displays
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Field Guide to Digital Color
Information Visualization: Perception for Design
Information Visualization: Perception for Design
Detail Preserving Reproduction of Color Images for Monochromats and Dichromats
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
SmartColor: disambiguation framework for the colorblind
Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Accommodating color blind computer users
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
An interface to support color blind computer users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An Efficient Naturalness-Preserving Image-Recoloring Method for Dichromats
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A Physiologically-based Model for Simulation of Color Vision Deficiency
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Individual models of color differentiation to improve interpretability of information visualization
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Improving calibration time and accuracy for situation-specific models of color differentiation
The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Situation-Specific Models of Color Differentiation
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
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Color is commonly used to convey information in digital environments, but colors can be difficult to distinguish for many users -- either because of a congenital color vision deficiency (CVD), or because of situation-induced CVDs such as wearing colored glasses or working in sunlight. Tools intended to improve color differentiability (recoloring tools) exist, but these all use abstract models of only a few types of congenital CVD; if the user's color problems have a different cause, existing recolorers can perform poorly. We have developed a recoloring tool (SSMRecolor) based on the idea of situation-specific modeling -- in which we build a performance-based model of a particular user in their specific environment, and use that model to drive the recoloring process. SSMRecolor covers a much wider range of CVDs, including acquired and situational deficiencies. We evaluated SSMRecolor and two existing tools in a controlled study of people's color-matching performance in several environmental conditions. The study included participants with and without congenital CVD. Our results show both accuracy and response time in color-matching tasks were significantly better with SSMRecolor. This work demonstrates the value of a situation-specific approach to recoloring, and shows that this technique can substantially improve the usability of color displays for users of all types.