Direct Least Square Fitting of Ellipses
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Information visualization: perception for design
Information visualization: perception for design
Color-Defective Vision and Computer Graphics Displays
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Field Guide to Digital Color
Detail Preserving Reproduction of Color Images for Monochromats and Dichromats
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
SmartColor: disambiguation framework for the colorblind
Proceedings of the 7th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Accommodating color blind computer users
Proceedings of the 8th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
An interface to support color blind computer users
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
An Efficient Naturalness-Preserving Image-Recoloring Method for Dichromats
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
A Physiologically-based Model for Simulation of Color Vision Deficiency
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Individual models of color differentiation to improve interpretability of information visualization
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Accessibility for individuals with color vision deficiency
Proceedings of the 24th annual ACM symposium adjunct on User interface software and technology
Accessibility for individuals with color vision deficiency
ACM SIGACCESS Accessibility and Computing
SSMRecolor: improving recoloring tools with situation-specific models of color differentiation
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Interactions speak louder than words: shared user models and adaptive interfaces
Adjunct proceedings of the 25th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Proceedings of the 14th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Situation-Specific Models of Color Differentiation
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
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Color vision deficiencies (CVDs) cause problems in situations where people need to differentiate the colors used in digital displays. Recoloring tools exist to reduce the problem, but these tools need a model of the user's color-differentiation ability in order to work. Situation-specific models are a recent approach that accounts for all of the factors affecting a person's CVD (including genetic, acquired, and environmental causes) by using calibration data to form the model. This approach works well, but requires repeated calibration - and the best available calibration procedure takes more than 30 minutes. To address this limitation, we have developed a new situation-specific model of human color differentiation (called ICD-2) that needs far fewer calibration trials. The new model uses a color space that better matches human color vision compared to the RGB space of the old model, and can therefore extract more meaning from each calibration test. In an empirical comparison, we found that ICD-2 is 24 times faster than the old approach, and had small but significant gains in accuracy. The efficiency of ICD-2 makes it feasible for situation-specific models of individual color differentiation to be used in the real world.