Placing text labels on maps and diagrams
Graphics gems IV
A decomposition method for quadratic zero-one programming
Management Science
An empirical study of algorithms for point-feature label placement
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
Lagrangean relaxation with clusters for point-feature cartographic label placement problems
Computers and Operations Research
A greedy randomized adaptive search procedure for the point-feature cartographic label placement
Computers & Geosciences
Relax-and-fix decomposition technique for solving large scale grid-based location problems
Computers and Industrial Engineering
Dispersion for the point-feature cartographic label placement problem
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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This paper proposes a 0-1 integer linear programming model for the point-feature cartographic label placement problem based on labeling of the largest number of free labels. In addition, one non-trivial valid inequality is presented to strengthen this proposed model. Even with the strengthened model, a commercial solver was not able to solve a representative sample of known instances presented in the literature. Thus, we also present a Lagrangean decomposition technique based on graph partitioning. Our added approaches established optimal solutions for practically all the used instances and the results significantly improved the ones presented in recent studies concerning the problem.