SECTOR: secure tracking of node encounters in multi-hop wireless networks
Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Security of ad hoc and sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th ACM workshop on Wireless security
TrueLink: A Practical Countermeasure to the Wormhole Attack in Wireless Networks
ICNP '06 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols
Visualisation of wormholes in underwater sensor networks: a distributed approach
International Journal of Security and Networks
Secure neighbor discovery in wireless networks: formal investigation of possibility
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Information, computer and communications security
Towards provable secure neighbor discovery in wireless networks
Proceedings of the 6th ACM workshop on Formal methods in security engineering
A practical secure neighbor verification protocol for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the second ACM conference on Wireless network security
Tracking the direction-of-arrival of multiple moving targets bypassive arrays: algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Shallow water acoustic networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
Secure neighborhood discovery: a fundamental element for mobile ad hoc networking
IEEE Communications Magazine
Location-based compromise-tolerant security mechanisms for wireless sensor networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Single-Adversary Relaying Attack Defense Mechanism in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
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Neighbor discovery is a fundamental requirement and need be done frequently in underwater acoustic networks (UANs) with floating node mobility. In hostile environments, neighbor discovery is vulnerable to the wormhole attack by which the adversary uses secret wormhole links to make distant nodes falsely accept each other as a neighbor. The wormhole attack may lead to many undesirable consequences and cannot be solved by cryptographic methods. Existing wormhole defenses for ground wireless networks cannot be directly applied to UANs where most of their assumptions no longer hold. This paper presents a suite of novel protocols to enable wormhole-resilient secure neighbor discovery in UANs. Our protocols are based on the Direction of Arrival (DoA) estimation of acoustic signals, a basic functionality readily available in current UANs. The proposed protocols can thwart the wormhole attack with overwhelming probability without conventional hard requirements on secure and accurate time synchronization and localization. Detailed theoretical analysis and simulation results confirm the high performance of the proposed protocols.