Modelling and analysis of differential VCOs: Research Articles
International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems Part I: Regular Papers
The effect of parameter mismatches on the output waveform of an LC-VCO
International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications
Modeling, analysis, and experimental validation of frequency dividers with direct injection
Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Divide-by-three injection-locked frequency dividers with direct forcing signal
Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Investigation on locking and pulling modes in analog frequency dividers
Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
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This paper presents a theory of parallel quadrature voltage-controlled oscillators, which are widely used to generate in-phase and quadrature signals in communication systems. The theory is developed without making any hypothesis on the circuit topology and allows us to thoroughly analyze the synchronized oscillations, as well as the effect of unavoidable parameter mismatches, by means of closed-form expressions for the amplitude and phase of oscillations and their orbital stability. The stability of oscillations is assessed analyzing the relevant eigenvalues, which are obtained in a closed form. The validity of the presented results has been verified through circuit simulations and experiments.