Synchronized Disk Interleaving
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Multi-disk management algorithms
SIGMETRICS '87 Proceedings of the 1987 ACM SIGMETRICS conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Approximate Analysis of Fork/Join Synchronization in Parallel Queues
IEEE Transactions on Computers
A case for redundant arrays of inexpensive disks (RAID)
SIGMOD '88 Proceedings of the 1988 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
An Evaluation of Multiple-Disk I/O Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Performance consequences of parity placement in disk arrays
ASPLOS IV Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Maximizing performance in a striped disk array
ISCA '90 Proceedings of the 17th annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Data Engineering
VLDB '88 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
An Analytic Performance Model of Disk Arrays And Its Application
An Analytic Performance Model of Disk Arrays And Its Application
RAID: high-performance, reliable secondary storage
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Surveyors' forum—high-performance secondary memory
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Efficient support for scan operations in video servers
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Multimedia
Striping in a RAID level 5 disk array
Proceedings of the 1995 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Strategic directions in storage I/O issues in large-scale computing
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) - Special ACM 50th-anniversary issue: strategic directions in computing research
A Performance Evaluation of RAID Architectures
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Analytical Performance Modeling of Hierarchical Mass Storage Systems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Mean value technique for closed fork-join networks
SIGMETRICS '99 Proceedings of the 1999 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Efficient support for interactive operations in multi-resolution video servers
Multimedia Systems - Special issue on video content based retrieval
Architectural considerations for next generation file systems
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Cello: A Disk Scheduling Framework for Next Generation Operating Systems*
Real-Time Systems - Flexible Scheduling on Real-Time Systems
Design and Performance Analysis of a Disk Array System
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Response Time Analysis of Parallel Computer and Storage Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Multi-Dimensional Database Allocation for Parallel Data Warehouses
VLDB '00 Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Data partitioning and load balancing in parallel disk systems
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
Architectural considerations for next-generation file systems
Multimedia Systems
High performance RAID system by using dual head disk structure
HPC-ASIA '97 Proceedings of the High-Performance Computing on the Information Superhighway, HPC-Asia '97
An approximate performance model of a Unitree mass storage system
MSS '95 Proceedings of the 14th IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems
Issues and Challenges in the Performance Analysis of Real Disk Arrays
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Performance analysis of binary code protection
WSC '05 Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation
RAMA: easy access to a high-bandwidth massively parallel file system
TCON'95 Proceedings of the USENIX 1995 Technical Conference Proceedings
MIRAGE: storage provisioning in large data centers using balanced component utilizations
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
Exploring the performance impact of stripe size on network attached storage systems
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Collaborative Load-Balancing in Storage Networks Using Agent Negotiation
CIA '08 Proceedings of the 12th international workshop on Cooperative Information Agents XII
Bus Modelling in Zoned Disks RAID Storage Systems
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
An I/O subsystem supporting mass storage functions in parallel systems
Computer Standards & Interfaces
A component-based analytical performance model of IP-based SAN
GPC'08 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Advances in grid and pervasive computing
NPC'10 Proceedings of the 2010 IFIP international conference on Network and parallel computing
Workload-aware database monitoring and consolidation
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of data
Pesto: online storage performance management in virtualized datacenters
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
ISPA'05 Proceedings of the 2005 international conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications
An approximate analytic performance model of object-based storage
ICCSA'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Computational Science and Its Applications - Volume Part I
Models and performance of real-time disk access policies
Computer Communications
A New File-Specific Stripe Size Selection Method for Highly Concurrent Data Access
GRID '12 Proceedings of the 2012 ACM/IEEE 13th International Conference on Grid Computing
Proceedings of the 4th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering
Characterization and modeling of PIDX parallel I/O for performance optimization
SC '13 Proceedings of the International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
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As disk arrays become widely used, tools for understanding and analyzing their performance become increasingly important. In particular, performance models can be invaluable in both configuring and designing disk arrays. Accurate analytic performance models are preferable to other types of models because they can be quickly evaluated, are applicable under a wide range of system and workload parameters, and can be manipulated by a range of mathematical techniques. Unfortunately, analytic performance models of disk arrays are difficult to formulate due to the presence of queueing and fork-join synchronization; a disk array request is broken up into independent disk requests which must all complete to satisfy the original request. In this paper, we develop and validate an analytic performance model for disk arrays. We derive simple equations for approximating their utilization, response time and throughput. We validate the analytic model via simulation, investigate the error introduced by each approximation used in deriving the analytic model, and examine the validity of some of the conclusions that can be drawn from the model.