An analytic performance model of disk arrays
SIGMETRICS '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMETRICS conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
RAID: high-performance, reliable secondary storage
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Striping in a RAID level 5 disk array
Proceedings of the 1995 ACM SIGMETRICS joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Queueing models of RAID systems with maxima of waiting times
Performance Evaluation
FAST'11 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on File and stroage technologies
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As disk arrays become widely used, tools for understanding and analyzing their performance become increasingly important. In particular, performance models can be invaluable in both configuring and designing disk arrays. Accurate analytic performance models are desirable over other types of models because they can be quickly evaluated, are applicable under a wide range of system and workload parameters, and can be manipulated by a range of mathematical techniques. Unfortunately, analytic performance models of disk arrays are difficult to formulate due to the presence of queuing and fork-join synchronization: a disk array request is broken up into independent disk requests which must all complete to satisfy the original request. In this paper, we develop, validate and apply an analytic performance model for disk arrays. We derive simple equations for approximating their utilization, response time and throughput. We then validate the analytic model via simulation and investigate the accuracy of each approximation used in deriving the analytic model. Finally, we apply the analytic model to derive an equation of the optimal unit of data striping in disk arrays.