Automatic Analysis of Facial Expressions: The State of the Art
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Recognizing Action Units for Facial Expression Analysis
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Bayesian Networks and Decision Graphs
Bayesian Networks and Decision Graphs
Eye and gaze tracking for interactive graphic display
Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Smart graphics
Active Facial Tracking for Fatigue Detection
WACV '02 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision
Combining Kalman Filtering and Mean Shift for Real Time Eye Tracking under Active IR Illumination
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 4 - Volume 4
Static topographic modeling for facial expression recognition and analysis
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Facial Action Unit Recognition by Exploiting Their Dynamic and Semantic Relationships
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Eliciting, capturing and tagging spontaneous facialaffect in autism spectrum disorder
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Boosting encoded dynamic features for facial expression recognition
Pattern Recognition Letters
Attentiveness assessment in learning based on fuzzy logic analysis
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
A Bayesian approach to recognise facial expressions using vector flows
CompSysTech '09 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies and Workshop for PhD Students in Computing
Dynamic soft encoded patterns for facial event analysis
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A comprehensive study of visual event computing
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Generalization of a vision-based computational model of mind-reading
ACII'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction
Continuous time Bayesian network classifiers
Journal of Biomedical Informatics
A review of motion analysis methods for human Nonverbal Communication Computing
Image and Vision Computing
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Facial events include all activities of face and facial features in spatial or temporal space, such as facial expressions, face gesture, gaze and furrow happening, etc. Developing an automated system for facial event classification is always a challenging task due to the richness, ambiguity and dynamic nature of facial expressions. This paper presents an efficient approach to real-world facial event classification. By integrating Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) with a general-purpose facial behavior description language, a task-oriented stochastic and temporal framework is constructed to systematically represent and classify facial events of interest. Based on the task oriented DBN, we can spatially and temporally incorporate results from previous times and prior knowledge of the application domain. With the top-down inference, the system can make active selection among multiple visual channels to identify the most effective sensory channels to use. With the bottom-up inference from observed evidences, the current facial event can be classified with a desired confident level via the belief propagation. We applied the task-oriented DBN framework to monitoring driver vigilance. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of our approach.