Authentication using graphical passwords: effects of tolerance and image choice
SOUPS '05 Proceedings of the 2005 symposium on Usable privacy and security
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special isssue: HCI research in privacy and security is critical now
ACSAC '05 Proceedings of the 21st Annual Computer Security Applications Conference
Password management strategies for online accounts
SOUPS '06 Proceedings of the second symposium on Usable privacy and security
Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice
Eye Tracking Methodology: Theory and Practice
A large-scale study of web password habits
Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web
Déjà Vu: a user study using images for authentication
SSYM'00 Proceedings of the 9th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 9
On user choice in graphical password schemes
SSYM'04 Proceedings of the 13th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 13
The design and analysis of graphical passwords
SSYM'99 Proceedings of the 8th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 8
A usability study and critique of two password managers
USENIX-SS'06 Proceedings of the 15th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 15
A second look at the usability of click-based graphical passwords
Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on Usable privacy and security
Modeling user choice in the PassPoints graphical password scheme
Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on Usable privacy and security
Towards understanding user perceptions of authentication technologies
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM workshop on Privacy in electronic society
Click Passwords Under Investigation
ESORICS '07 Proceedings of the 12th European symposium on Research In Computer Security
Fitts' law as a research and design tool in human-computer interaction
Human-Computer Interaction
Influencing users towards better passwords: persuasive cued click-points
BCS-HCI '08 Proceedings of the 22nd British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: Culture, Creativity, Interaction - Volume 1
Guidelines for designing graphical authentication mechanism interfaces
International Journal of Information and Computer Security
User interface design affects security: patterns in click-based graphical passwords
International Journal of Information Security
Purely automated attacks on passpoints-style graphical passwords
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Exploiting predictability in click-based graphical passwords
Journal of Computer Security
An efficient user verification system via mouse movements
Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
On designing usable and secure recognition-based graphical authentication mechanisms
Interacting with Computers
Graphical passwords: Learning from the first twelve years
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
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Graphical passwords have been proposed to address known problems with traditional text passwords. For example, memorable user-chosen text passwords are predictable, but random system-assigned passwords are difficult to remember. We explore the usability effects of modifying system parameters to increase the security of a click-based graphical password system. Generally, usability tests for graphical passwords have used configurations resulting in password spaces smaller than that of common text passwords. Our two-part lab study compares the effects of varying the number of click-points and the image size, including when different configurations provide comparable password spaces. For comparable spaces, no usability advantage was evident between more click-points, or a larger image. This is contrary to our expectation that larger image size (with fewer click-points) might offer usability advantages over more click-points (with correspondingly smaller images). The results suggest promising opportunities for better matching graphical password system configurations to device constraints, or capabilities of individual users, without degrading usability. For example, more click-points could be used on smart-phone displays where larger image sizes are not possible.