Principal Warps: Thin-Plate Splines and the Decomposition of Deformations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Realistic modeling for facial animation
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Simulating facial surgery using finite element models
SIGGRAPH '96 Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Non-linear anisotropic elasticity for real-time surgery simulation
Graphical Models - Special issue on SMI 2002
Physically Based Finite Element Model of the Face
ISBMS '08 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Biomedical Simulation
ISBMS'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Biomedical Simulation
Simulation of soft-tissue deformations for breast augmentation planning
ISBMS'06 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Biomedical Simulation
Simplification of unstructured tetrahedral meshes by point sampling
VG'05 Proceedings of the Fourth Eurographics / IEEE VGTC conference on Volume Graphics
Finite Elements in Analysis and Design
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We propose a computationally efficient and biomechanically relevant soft-tissue simulation method for cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) surgery. A template-based facial muscle reconstruction was introduced to minimize the efforts on preparing a patient-specific model. A transversely isotropic mass-tensor model (MTM) was adopted to realize the effect of directional property of facial muscles in reasonable computation time. Additionally, sliding contact around teeth and mucosa was considered for more realistic simulation. Retrospective validation study with postoperative scan of a real patient showed that there were considerable improvements in simulation accuracy by incorporating template-based facial muscle anatomy and sliding contact.