Fragile image watermarking using a gradient image for improved localization and security
Pattern Recognition Letters
Fragile Watermarking Scheme with Extensive Content Restoration Capability
IWDW '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Digital Watermarking
Fragile Watermarking With Error-Free Restoration Capability
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Secret and public key image watermarking schemes for image authentication and ownership verification
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Self-recovery fragile watermarking scheme with variable watermark payload
IWDW'11 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Digital-Forensics and Watermarking
Self-embedding fragile watermarking scheme combined average with VQ encoding
IWDW'12 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Digital Forensics and Watermaking
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In this paper, we present a new fragile watermarking method aimed at providing improved restoration capability. A mechanism of block classification is used to compress the original image according to the DCT coefficients, in which blocks corresponding to different types are encoded to variable lengths. The compressed bits are expanded as reference bits, and then embedded into the entire image along with some authentication bits generated from each block. On the receiving side, the authentication bits are extracted to localize the tampered areas, and the reference bits are used to reconstruct a reference image for restoring the contents of the tampered regions. Results show that the proposed method provides a better restoration quality.