Matrix computations (3rd ed.)
Complexity and real computation
Complexity and real computation
Probabilistic latent semantic indexing
Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness
SVD based initialization: A head start for nonnegative matrix factorization
Pattern Recognition
Nonnegative matrix factorization via rank-one downdate
Proceedings of the 25th international conference on Machine learning
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Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a prominent technique for the analysis of image databases, text databases, and other information retrieval and clustering applications. The problem is most naturally posed as continuous optimization. In this report, we define an exact version of NMF. Then we establish several results about exact NMF: (i) that it is equivalent to a problem in polyhedral combinatorics; (ii) that it is NP-hard; and (iii) that a polynomial-time local search heuristic exists.