Online BCI implementation of high-frequency phase modulated visual stimuli

Authors:
Danhua Zhu;Gary Garcia-Molina;Vojkan Mihajlović;Ronald M. Aarts
Affiliations:
Philips Research Europe, Eindhoven, The Netherlands and Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands and College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University ...;Philips Research Europe, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Hangzhou, China;Philips Research Europe, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Hangzhou, China;Philips Research Europe, Eindhoven, The Netherlands and Technical University Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Hangzhou, China
Venue:
UAHCI'11 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Universal access in human-computer interaction: users diversity - Volume Part II
Year:
2011

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Abstract

Brain computer interfaces (BCI) that use the steady-statevisual-evoked-potential (SSVEP) as neural source, offer two main advantages over other types of BCIs: shorter calibration times and higher information transfer rates. SSVEPs elicited by high frequency (larger than 30 Hz) repetitive visual stimulation are less prone to cause visual fatigue, safer, and more comfortable for the user. However in the high frequency range there is a practical limitation because only few frequencies can elicit sufficiently strong SSVEPs for BCI purposes. We bypass this limitation by using only one stimulation frequency and different phases. To detect the phase from the recorded SSVEP, we use spatial filtering combined to phase synchrony analysis. We developed an online BCI implementation which was tested on six subjects and resulted on an average accuracy of 95.5% and an average bit rate of 34 bits-per-minute. Our approach has the advantage of entailing only minimal visual annoyance for the user.