The nature of statistical learning theory
The nature of statistical learning theory
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
An Analytic-to-Holistic Approach for Face Recognition Based on a Single Frontal View
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
The FERET Evaluation Methodology for Face-Recognition Algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Distortion Invariant Object Recognition in the Dynamic Link Architecture
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Statistical Analysis of Gabor-Filter Representation
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
Fundamental Frequency Gabor Filters for Object Recognition
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 1 - Volume 1
Face recognition: A literature survey
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
A review on Gabor wavelets for face recognition
Pattern Analysis & Applications
Evaluation of the effects of Gabor filter parameters on texture classification
Pattern Recognition
Generalization in Holistic versus Analytic Processing of Faces
ICIAP '07 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Automated Facial Feature Detection from Portrait and Range Images
SSIAI '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis and Interpretation
Recent advances in face biometrics with Gabor wavelets: A review
Pattern Recognition Letters
Improved face representation by nonuniform multilevel selection of Gabor convolution features
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
WGEC '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Third International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing
IDEAL'07 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Intelligent data engineering and automated learning
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
An introduction to biometric recognition
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Gabor filter banks constitute a very robust tool to extract discriminant information from a visual scene. After the now ''classical'' bank with 5 frequencies and 8 orientations proposed by Lades et al. and Wiskott et al., many other parametrizations of a Gabor filter bank have appeared. In order to find the optimal parametrization for a face recognition experiment, we have performed a 6-way analysis of variance of Gabor parameters using FERET, FRAV2D, FRAV3D, FRGC and XM2VTS face databases, including frontal and turned poses, facial expressions, occlusions and changes of illumination. Considering independent criteria to find the optimal Gabor filter bank, the bank with the highest recognition rate was found to have 6 frequencies and narrower Gaussian widths in the space domain. These results were obtained with Mahalanobis distance for a k-NN classifier, with analytical and holistic Gabor feature vectors. Moreover about 20% of the banks studied here obtained in average a better performance than the classical bank. For most of the databases considered, the highest recognition rates have been achieved with analytical representations (frontal images, images with turns or occlusions), with a holistic preponderance for images with gestures or changes of illumination. The inferiority found for holistic Gabor representations versus their analytical counterparts can be explained for the intrinsic redundancy and the size of the feature vectors of this kind of representation.