The Turing programming language
Communications of the ACM
Comprehension strategies in programming
Empirical studies of programmers: second workshop
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Usability Implications of Requiring Parameters in Objects' Constructors
ICSE '07 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Software Engineering
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming systems and applications
More natural end-user software engineering
Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on End-user software engineering
The implications of method placement on API learnability
Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium on Foundations of software engineering
Finding causes of program output with the Java Whyline
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Using alice in CS1: a quantitative experiment
Proceedings of the fifteenth annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education
Faith, hope, and love: an essay on software science's neglect of human factors
Proceedings of the ACM international conference on Object oriented programming systems languages and applications
Evaluation and Usability of Programming Languages and Tools
Empirical studies on programming language stimuli
Software Quality Control
Proceedings of the 42nd ACM technical symposium on Computer science education
An Empirical Investigation into Programming Language Syntax
ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE)
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We present here an empirical study comparing the accuracy rates of novices writing software in three programming languages: Quorum, Perl, and Randomo. The first language, Quorum, we call an evidence-based programming language, where the syntax, semantics, and API designs change in correspondence to the latest academic research and literature on programming language usability. Second, while Perl is well known, we call Randomo a Placebo-language, where some of the syntax was chosen with a random number generator and the ASCII table. We compared novices that were programming for the first time using each of these languages, testing how accurately they could write simple programs using common program constructs (e.g., loops, conditionals, functions, variables, parameters). Results showed that while Quorum users were afforded significantly greater accuracy compared to those using Perl and Randomo, Perl users were unable to write programs more accurately than those using a language designed by chance.