Computer-based systems for cooperative work and group decision making
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Eye gaze patterns in conversations: there is more to conversational agents than meets the eyes
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Head orientation and gaze direction in meetings
CHI '02 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Video cut editing rule based on participants' gaze in multiparty conversation
MULTIMEDIA '03 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
HICSS '04 Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'04) - Track 1 - Volume 1
Influencing group participation with a shared display
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Influencing social dynamics in meetings through a peripheral display
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Situational awareness support to enhance teamwork in collaborative environments
ECCE '08 Proceedings of the 15th European conference on Cognitive ergonomics: the ergonomics of cool interaction
Visualizing real-time language-based feedback on teamwork behavior in computer-mediated groups
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Automatic nonverbal analysis of social interaction in small groups: A review
Image and Vision Computing
Modeling dominance in group conversations using nonverbal activity cues
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing - Special issue on multimodal processing in speech-based interactions
Recognizing visual focus of attention from head pose in natural meetings
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on human computing
Smart meeting systems: A survey of state-of-the-art and open issues
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Group reactions to visual feedback tools
PERSUASIVE'07 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Persuasive technology
Multimodal support for social dynamics in co-located meetings
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Conveying directional gaze cues to support remote participation in hybrid meetings
Proceedings of the Third COST 2102 international training school conference on Toward autonomous, adaptive, and context-aware multimodal interfaces: theoretical and practical issues
HCIV'09 Proceedings of the Second IFIP WG 13.7 conference on Human-computer interaction and visualization
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We present a service providing real-time feedback to participants of small group meetings on the social dynamics of the meeting. The service visualizes non-verbal properties of people's behaviour that are relevant to the social dynamics: speaking time and gaze behaviour. The service was evaluated in two studies, in order to test whether the feedback influences the participants' visual attention and speaking time and enhances the satisfaction with the group interaction process. In a qualitative evaluation it was found thatgroups in general perceive the social feedback during the meeting as a useful and positive experience, which makes them aware of their group dynamics. In a second study, aiming at a more quantitative analysis, we obtained preliminary evidence that the feedback service affected participants' behaviour and resulted in more balanced participation and gaze behaviour. We conclude that services providing automatic feedback about relatively low-level behavioural characteristics can enable groups to adjust the social dynamics in group meetings.