Blind and squaring-resistant watermarking of vectorial building layers

  • Authors:
  • Julien Lafaye;Jean Béguec;David Gross-Amblard;Anne Ruas

  • Affiliations:
  • Laboratoire CEDRIC, Spécialité Informatique --- CC 432, Conservatoire national des arts & méétiers, Paris Cedex 3, France 75141;Laboratoire COGIT, Institut Géographique National (IGN), Saint Mandé Cedex, France 94 165;INRIA Saclay, Paris, France and Laboratoire Le2i UMR CNRS 5158, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon Cedex, France 21078;Laboratoire COGIT, Institut Géographique National (IGN), Saint Mandé Cedex, France 94 165

  • Venue:
  • Geoinformatica
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

Due to the ease of digital copy, watermarking is crucial to protect the intellectual property of rights owners. We propose an effective watermarking method for vectorial geographical databases, with the focus on the buildings layer. Embedded watermarks survive common geographical filters, including the essential squaring and simplification transformations, as well as deliberate removal attempts, e.g. by noise addition, cropping or over-watermarking. Robustness against the squaring transformation is not addressed by existing approaches. The impact on the quality of the data sets, defined as a composition of point accuracy and angular quality, is assessed through an extensive series of experiments. Our method is based on a quantization of the distance between the centroid of the building and its extremal vertex according to its orientation.