Vector quantization and signal compression
Vector quantization and signal compression
Digital watermarking
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking
A novel VQ-based watermarking scheme with genetic codebook partition
Design and application of hybrid intelligent systems
A novel clonal selection algorithm based fragile watermarking method
ICARIS'07 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Artificial immune systems
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A vector quantisation (VQ) based watermarking scheme for hiding the gray watermark is presented. It expands the watermark size, and employs VQ index assignment procedure with genetic algorithm, called genetic index assignment (GIA), for watermarking. The gray watermark is coded by VQ, and obtained indices are translated into a binary bitstream with a much smaller size. We partition the codebook into two sub-codebooks, and use either one of them based on the value of the bit for embedding. Next, GIA is employed to find better imperceptibility of watermarked image. Experimental results show that the proposed method possesses advantages over other related methods in literature.