RFID Handbook: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification
RFID Handbook: Fundamentals and Applications in Contactless Smart Cards and Identification
RFID privacy issues and technical challenges
Communications of the ACM - Special issue: RFID
A Survey of Lightweight-Cryptography Implementations
IEEE Design & Test
PRESENT: An Ultra-Lightweight Block Cipher
CHES '07 Proceedings of the 9th international workshop on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Ultra-Lightweight Implementations for Smart Devices --- Security for 1000 Gate Equivalents
CARDIS '08 Proceedings of the 8th IFIP WG 8.8/11.2 international conference on Smart Card Research and Advanced Applications
PUFFIN: A Novel Compact Block Cipher Targeted to Embedded Digital Systems
DSD '08 Proceedings of the 2008 11th EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design Architectures, Methods and Tools
Chai-Tea, Cryptographic Hardware Implementations of xTEA
INDOCRYPT '08 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cryptology in India: Progress in Cryptology
Hummingbird: ultra-lightweight cryptography for resource-constrained devices
FC'10 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Financial cryptograpy and data security
HIGHT: a new block cipher suitable for low-resource device
CHES'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
mCrypton – a lightweight block cipher for security of low-cost RFID tags and sensors
WISA'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Information Security Applications
RFID security and privacy: a research survey
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
FSE'07 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Fast Software Encryption
Two RFID Standard-based Security Protocols for Healthcare Environments
Journal of Medical Systems
Secure embedded system hardware design - A flexible security and trust enhanced approach
Computers and Electrical Engineering
Analytical evaluation of a time- and energy-efficient security protocol for IP-enabled sensors
Computers and Electrical Engineering
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A hardware-based performance comparison of lightweight block ciphers is conducted in this paper. The DESL, DESXL, CURUPIRA-1, CURUPIRA-2, HIGHT, PUFFIN, PRESENT and XTEA block ciphers have been employed in this comparison. Our objective is to survey what ciphers are suitable for security in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and other security applications with demanding area restrictions. A general architecture option has been followed for the implementation of all ciphers. Specifically, a loop architecture has been used, where one basic round is used iteratively. The basic performance metrics are the area, power consumption and hardware resource cost associated with the implementation resulting throughput of each cipher. The most compact cipher is the 80-bit PRESENT block cipher with a count of 1704GEs and 206.4Kbps, while the largest in area cipher is the CURUPIRA-1. The CURUPIRA-1 cipher consumes the highest power of 118.1@mW, while the PRESENT cipher consumes the lowest power of 20@mW. All measurements have been taken at a 100kHz clock frequency.