Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
A high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing
Wireless Networks - Special issue: Selected papers from ACM MobiCom 2003
X-MAC: a short preamble MAC protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Adaptive Low Power Listening for Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Embedded network sensor systems
PermaDAQ: A scientific instrument for precision sensing and data recovery in environmental extremes
IPSN '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
Analyzing MAC protocols for low data-rate applications
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
Low energy operation in WSNs: A survey of preamble sampling MAC protocols
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
pTunes: runtime parameter adaptation for low-power MAC protocols
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks
The Journal of Supercomputing
Broadcast-free collection protocol
Proceedings of the 10th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems
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Sensor network MAC protocols are typically configured for an intended deployment scenario once and for all at compile time. This approach, however, leads to suboptimal performance if the network conditions deviate from the expectations. We present ZeroCal, a distributed algorithm that allows nodes to dynamically adapt to variations in traffic volume. Using ZeroCal, each node autonomously configures its MAC protocol at runtime, thereby trying to reduce the maximum energy consumption among all nodes. While the algorithm is readily usable for any asynchronous low-power listening or low-power probing protocol, we validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of ZeroCal on X-MAC. Extensive testbed experiments and simulations indicate that ZeroCal quickly adapts to traffic variations. We further show that ZeroCal extends network lifetime by 50% compared to an optimal configuration with identical and static MAC parameters at all nodes.