Software Engineering: Problems and Perspectives
Computer - IEEE Centennial: the state of computing
Semantic database modeling: survey, applications, and research issues
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
A scientific methodology for MIS case studies
MIS Quarterly
Comparing representations with relational and EER models
Communications of the ACM
Conceptual database design: an Entity-relationship approach
Conceptual database design: an Entity-relationship approach
A glossary of temporal database concepts
ACM SIGMOD Record
Spatial concepts, geometric data models, and geometric data structures
Computers & Geosciences - Special issue on GIS design models
An intelligent framework for active support of database semantics
International Journal of Expert Systems - Special issue on Al and databases
Cardinality constraints in semantic data models
Data & Knowledge Engineering
Comparing data modeling formalisms
Communications of the ACM
Intelligent database design using the unifying semantic model
Information and Management
An extensible notation for spatiotemporal index queries
ACM SIGMOD Record
Managing business workflows using a database approach: a formal model, a case study and a prototype
Managing business workflows using a database approach: a formal model, a case study and a prototype
Description logics for conceptual data modeling
Logics for databases and information systems
Complete rules for n-ary relationship cardinality constraints
Data & Knowledge Engineering
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Database description with SDM: a semantic database model
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Developing time-oriented database applications in SQL
Developing time-oriented database applications in SQL
The entity-relationship model—toward a unified view of data
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) - Special issue: papers from the international conference on very large data bases: September 22–24, 1975, Framingham, MA
Maintaining knowledge about temporal intervals
Communications of the ACM
Information modeling and relational databases: from conceptual analysis to logical design
Information modeling and relational databases: from conceptual analysis to logical design
Spatial databases with application to GIS
Spatial databases with application to GIS
Software Engineering Economics
Software Engineering Economics
Entity-Relationship Modeling: Foundations of Database Technology
Entity-Relationship Modeling: Foundations of Database Technology
Time Granularities in Databases, Data Mining and Temporal Reasoning
Time Granularities in Databases, Data Mining and Temporal Reasoning
Business Rules Applied: Building Better Systems Using the Business Rules Approach
Business Rules Applied: Building Better Systems Using the Business Rules Approach
Active Database Systems: Triggers and Rules for Advanced Database Processing
Active Database Systems: Triggers and Rules for Advanced Database Processing
Extracting Business Rules from Information Systems
BT Technology Journal
A Taxonomy of Spatial Data Integrity Constraints
Geoinformatica
Conceptual Data Modeling for Spatiotemporal Applications
Geoinformatica
Temporal Entity-Relationship Models-A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Efficiently Supporting Temporal Granularities
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
A Semantic Integrity Framework: Set Restrictions for Semantic Groupings
Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Data Engineering
Temporal Dependencies Generalized for Spatial and Other Dimensions
STDBM '99 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Database Management
Entity Tree Clustering - A Method for Simplifying ER Designs
ER '92 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on the Entity-Relationship Approach: Entity-Relationship Approach
What Makes a Good Data Model? Evaluating the Quality of Entity Relationship Models
ER '94 Proceedings of the13th International Conference on the Entity-Relationship Approach
Metrics for Evaluating the Quality of Entity Relationship Models
ER '98 Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling
Integrity constraints in spatial databases
Database integrity
Extending Business Objects with Business Rules
TOOLS '00 Proceedings of the Technology of Object-Oriented Languages and Systems (TOOLS 33)
The Object Constraint Language: Getting Your Models Ready for MDA
The Object Constraint Language: Getting Your Models Ready for MDA
Enforcing cardinality constraints in the ER model with integrity methods
Advanced topics in database research vol. 1
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Augmenting a Conceptual Model with Geospatiotemporal Annotations
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Modification semantics in now-relative databases
Information Systems
Spatiotemporal Aggregate Computation: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Communications of the ACM - Self managed systems
Communications of the ACM - Two decades of the language-action perspective
Conceptual Modeling for Traditional and Spatio-Temporal Applications: The MADS Approach
Conceptual Modeling for Traditional and Spatio-Temporal Applications: The MADS Approach
Fundamentals of Database Systems (5th Edition)
Fundamentals of Database Systems (5th Edition)
Conceptually modeling windows and bounds for space and time in database constraints
Communications of the ACM - Remembering Jim Gray
A conceptual model for the logical design of temporal databases
Decision Support Systems
Design science in information systems research
MIS Quarterly
ER'10 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Conceptual modeling
Providing multi-scale consistency for multi-scale geospatial data
Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Scientific and Statistical Database Management
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From a database perspective, business constraints provide an accurate picture of the real world being modeled and help enforce data integrity. Typically, rules are gathered during requirements analysis and embedded in code during the implementation phase. We propose that the rules be explicitly modeled during conceptual design, and develop a framework for understanding and classifying spatiotemporal set-based (cardinality) constraints and an associated syntax. The constraint semantics are formally specified using first-order logic. Modeling rules in conceptual design ensures they are visible to designers and users and not buried in application code. The rules can then be semiautomatically translated into logical design triggers yielding productivity gains. Following the principles of design science research, we evaluate the framework's expressiveness and utility with a case study.