Introduction to algorithms
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
Numerical recipes in C (2nd ed.): the art of scientific computing
A universal statistical test for random bit generators
Journal of Cryptology
A computer package for measuring the strength of encryption algorithms
Computers and Security
Handbook of Applied Cryptography
Handbook of Applied Cryptography
Assessing the Quality of Pseudo-Random Number Generators
Computational Economics
Secure and Fast Aggregation of Financial Data in Cloud-Based Expense Tracking Applications
Journal of Network and Systems Management
STABILIZER: statistically sound performance evaluation
Proceedings of the eighteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Fault Analysis and Evaluation of a True Random Number Generator Embedded in a Processor
Journal of Electronic Testing: Theory and Applications
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This paper discusses some aspects of selecting and testing random and pseudorandom number generators. The outputs of such generators may be used in many cryptographic applications, such as the generation of key material. Generators suitable for use in cryptographic applications may need to meet stronger requirements than for other applications. In particular, their outputs must be unpredictable in the absence of knowledge of the inputs. Some criteria for characterizing and selecting appropriate generators are discussed in this document. The subject of statistical testing and its relation to cryptanalysis is also discussed, and some recommended statistical tests are provided. These tests may be useful as a first step in determining whether or not a generator is suitable for a particular cryptographic application. However, no set of statistical tests can absolutely certify a generator as appropriate for usage in a particular application, i.e., statistical testing cannot serve as a substitute for cryptanalysis. The design and cryptanalysis of generators is outside the scope of this paper.