Toward the Formal Foundation of Ant Programming
ANTS '02 Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Ant Algorithms
D-Ants: savings based ants divide and conquer the vehicle routing problem
Computers and Operations Research
Ant colony optimization theory: a survey
Theoretical Computer Science
Savings based ant colony optimization for the capacitated minimum spanning tree problem
Computers and Operations Research
An agent based evolutionary approach to path detection for off-road vehicle guidance
Pattern Recognition Letters - Special issue: Evolutionary computer vision and image understanding
A MAX-MIN ant system for unconstrained multi-level lot-sizing problems
Computers and Operations Research
Information Processing Letters
Deterministic nonlinear modeling of ant algorithm with logistic multiagent system
Proceedings of the 6th international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems
Ant colony based rule generation for reusable software component retrieval
ISEC '08 Proceedings of the 1st India software engineering conference
First steps to the runtime complexity analysis of ant colony optimization
Computers and Operations Research
Theoretical foundations for rendezvous of glowworm-inspired agent swarms at multiple locations
Robotics and Autonomous Systems
An ACO algorithm to design UMTS access network using divided and conquer technique
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Ant Colony Optimization-Based Location-Aware Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks
WASA '08 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Wireless Algorithms, Systems, and Applications
PRIMA '08 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Rim International Conference on Multi-Agents: Intelligent Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
Advances in Engineering Software
Ant Colony Optimization Algorithms for Shortest Path Problems
Network Control and Optimization
A survey on metaheuristics for stochastic combinatorial optimization
Natural Computing: an international journal
The cloud-based framework for ant colony optimization
Proceedings of the first ACM/SIGEVO Summit on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation
Hybrid approach for pole assignment using LQR technique and Ant System metaheuristic
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing
Artificial Ants and Packaging Waste Recycling
IWANN '09 Proceedings of the 10th International Work-Conference on Artificial Neural Networks: Part II: Distributed Computing, Artificial Intelligence, Bioinformatics, Soft Computing, and Ambient Assisted Living
Mathematical modeling and convergence analysis of trail formation
AAAI'08 Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Prediction of MHC class II binders using the ant colony search strategy
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Optimal contraction theorem for exploration-exploitation tradeoff in search and optimization
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
A pheromone-rate-based analysis on the convergence time of ACO algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on cybernetics and cognitive informatics
Savings based ant colony optimization for the capacitated minimum spanning tree problem
Computers and Operations Research
Algorithms for SLA composition to provide inter-domain services
IM'09 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP/IEEE international conference on Symposium on Integrated Network Management
Runtime analysis of an ant colony optimization algorithm for TSP instances
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
Ant colony based rule generation for reusable software component retrieval
ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes
Overhead reduction in a distributed path management system
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Guiding ACO by problem relaxation: a case study on the symmetric TSP
HM'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Hybrid metaheuristics
Optimizing discounted cash flows in project scheduling: an ant colony optimization approach
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Proceedings of the 12th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
ICIC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Intelligent computing: Part II
A novel ant colony optimization algorithm in application of pheromone diffusion
LSMS/ICSEE'10 Proceedings of the 2010 international conference on Life system modeling and simulation and intelligent computing, and 2010 international conference on Intelligent computing for sustainable energy and environment: Part II
A hybrid method for learning Bayesian networks based on ant colony optimization
Applied Soft Computing
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on COMMUNICATIONS
An ACO based approach for detection of an optimal attack path in a dynamic environment
ICDCN'10 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Distributed computing and networking
Two-stage updating pheromone for invariant ant colony optimization algorithm
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Swarm intelligence for medical volume segmentation: the contribution of self-reproduction
KI'11 Proceedings of the 34th Annual German conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
ACS'11 Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS international conference on Applied computer science
A time complexity analysis of ACO for linear functions
SEAL'06 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Simulated Evolution And Learning
Introducing a binary ant colony optimization
ANTS'06 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Ant Colony Optimization and Swarm Intelligence
Ant agent-based qos multicast routing in networks with imprecise state information
PRIMA'06 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim international conference on Agent Computing and Multi-Agent Systems
A novel ACO algorithm with adaptive parameter
ICIC'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Computational Intelligence and Bioinformatics - Volume Part III
Research on a novel ant colony optimization algorithm
ISNN'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Advances in Neural Networks - Volume Part I
Pointwise convergence of discrete ant system algorithm
SIDE'12 Proceedings of the 2012 international conference on Swarm and Evolutionary Computation
A method for avoiding the feedback searching bias in ant colony optimization
ICSI'12 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Advances in Swarm Intelligence - Volume Part I
A model induced max-min ant colony optimization for asymmetric traveling salesman problem
Applied Soft Computing
Single line train scheduling with ACO
EvoCOP'13 Proceedings of the 13th European conference on Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization
Proceedings of the 15th annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation
Computers and Operations Research
An intelligent algorithm: MACO for continuous optimization models
Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems: Applications in Engineering and Technology
Ant colony optimisation for vehicle traffic systems: applications and challenges
International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation
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We prove some convergence properties for a class of ant colony optimization algorithms. In particular, we prove that for any small constant ε > 0 and for a sufficiently large number of algorithm iterations t, the probability of finding an optimal solution at least once is P*(t) ⩾ 1 - ε and that this probability tends to 1 for t→∞. We also prove that, after an optimal solution has been found, it takes a finite number of iterations for the pheromone trails associated to the found optimal solution to grow higher than any other pheromone trail and that, for t→∞, any fixed ant will produce the optimal solution during the tth iteration with probability P ⩾ 1 εˆ(τmin, τmax), where τmin and τmax are the minimum and maximum values that can be taken by pheromone trails