The mathematics of programming: an inaugural lecture delivered before the Univ. of Oxford on Oct. 17, 1985
Formal specification of a small example based on GKS
ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)
An approach to hierarchical input devices
Computer Graphics Forum
Formal specification and verification of multimedia systems in open distributed processing
Computer Standards & Interfaces - Special issue on formal description techniques
Formal methods in the development of PREMO
Computer Standards & Interfaces - Special issue on formal description techniques
Object-Z: a specification language advocated for the description of standards
Computer Standards & Interfaces - Special issue on formal description techniques
Formal methods: state of the art and future directions
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) - Special ACM 50th-anniversary issue: strategic directions in computing research
A specification architecture for multimedia systems in open distributed processing
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems - Special issue: specification architecture
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
Some Practical Problems and Their Influence on Semantics
ESOP '96 Proceedings of the 6th European Symposium on Programming Languages and Systems
Object-Z: An Object-Oriented Extension to Z
FORTE '89 Proceedings of the IFIP TC/WG6.1 Second International Conference on Formal Description Techniques for Distributed Systems and Communication Protocols
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Many of the reported experiences in the industrial use of formal methods concern the development of products or product families, where the utility of the method is linked to direct savings in development costs or improved assurance of quality. However, one other area in which formal description techniques make a valuable contribution is in the development and documentation of International Standards, where the cost of using formal methods can be paid off both through increased quality of products that implement a given standard, and through the improved inter-operability of different implementations that comes from having a precise definition of the expected behaviour of a conforming implementation. The process of standardization within ISO/IEC is complex, and affords the oppertunity to use formal methods at different stages and in different ways. This paper illustrates how formal methods have been used in the development of two standards, the computer graphics standard, GKS, and the multi-media standard, PREMO. Formal methods have been used at different points during their development. This paper concludes with an appraisial of the work done and some thoughts about future directions.