Data embedding algorithms for geometrical and non-geometrical targets in three-dimensional polygonal models

Authors:
Ryutarou Ohbuchi;Hiroshi Masuda;Masaki Aono
Affiliations:
IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory, 1623-14 Shimotsuruma, Yamatoshi, Kanagawa, 242-8502, Japan;The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan;IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory, 1623-14 Shimotsuruma, Yamatoshi, Kanagawa, 242-8502, Japan
Venue:
Computer Communications
Year:
1998

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Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D) graphics is about to become a full-fledged multimedia data type, prompted by the increasing popularity of virtual reality modeling language (VRML) [15]and imminent standardization of MPEG-4 [16]. This paper presents several algorithms for embedding data in triangular meshes, arguably the most important component in both VRML and MPEG-4 in defining arbitrary shapes. A topology-modifying algorithm described in this paper embeds bit string in connectivity of triangles, while another algorithm cuts out patterns from a mesh. Yet another algorithm modifies texture coordinate, a non-geometrical quantity, for embedding. Watermarks embedded in 3D graphics contents could be used as a tool in managing intellectual property and other issues associated with these contents.