Watermarking 3D Objects for Verification
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A Blind Watermarking of Vector Graphics Images
ICCIMA '03 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Multimedia Applications
Illustration Watermarks for Vector Graphics
PG '03 Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications
Wavelet-based blind watermarking of 3D models
Proceedings of the 2004 workshop on Multimedia and security
A fragile watermarking scheme for 3D meshes
MM&Sec '05 Proceedings of the 7th workshop on Multimedia and security
Watermarking of Two-dimensional Engineering Graph Based on the Orthogonal Complete U-system
CAD-CG '05 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computer Aided Design and Computer Graphics
Watermarking of 3D models using principal component analysis
ICME '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 2
A numerically stable fragile watermarking scheme for authenticating 3D models
Computer-Aided Design
Watermarking Polygonal Lines Using Fourier Descriptors
IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications
A Capacity Variable Watermarking Algorithm for 2D Engineering Graphic Based on Complex Number System
IIH-MSP '08 Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing
Digital Watermarking and Steganography
Digital Watermarking and Steganography
A contrast-sensitive reversible visible image watermarking technique
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A public fragile watermarking scheme for 3D model authentication
Computer-Aided Design
Data hiding in curves with application to fingerprinting maps
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing - Part II
Watermarking three-dimensional polygonal models through geometric and topological modifications
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Reversible fragile watermarking for 2-D vector map authentication with localization
Computer-Aided Design
Technical Section: Topology authentication for CAPD models based on Laplacian coordinates
Computers and Graphics
Watermarking 3D CAPD models for topology verification
Computer-Aided Design
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Copyright violation and illegal manipulation of digital data have been acute challenges for many sectors since the very same set of enabling techniques for generating and processing digital data started to emerge. Although traditional protective methods, such as encryption and digital signatures, have been in use for decades, their inability to provide protection after decryption and locating tampering has prompted the development of digital watermarking. In this paper, a semi-fragile watermarking algorithm for authenticating 2D CAD engineering graphics based on log-polar coordinate mapping is proposed. Firstly, the vertices are divided into groups, and for each group, the vertices for carrying a watermark are mapped to the log-polar coordinate system. Then the watermark is embedded in the mantissa of the real-valued log-polar coordinates via bit substitution. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is not only robust against incidental global operations such as rotation, translation and scaling, but can also detect and locate malicious attacks such as entity modification and entity addition/deletion.