Quantitative results concerning the utility of explanation-based learning
Artificial Intelligence
Unified theories of cognition
A design for the ICARUS architecture
ACM SIGART Bulletin
Derivational Analogy in PRODIGY: Automating Case Acquisition, Storage, and Utilization
Machine Learning - Special issue on case-based reasoning
Acquisition of Children's Addition Strategies: A Model of Impasse-Free, Knowledge-Level Learning
Machine Learning - Special issue on computational models of human learning
Machine Learning
Using background knowledge to speed reinforcement learning in physical agents
Proceedings of the fifth international conference on Autonomous agents
A Heuristic Approach to the Discovery of Macro-Operators
Machine Learning
Chunking in Soar: The Anatomy of a General Learning Mechanism
Machine Learning
Learning Context-Free Grammars with a Simplicity Bias
ECML '00 Proceedings of the 11th European Conference on Machine Learning
Learning Goal-Decomposition Rules using Exercises
ICML '97 Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Machine Learning
ICDL '02 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Development and Learning
An Architecture for Persistent Reactive Behavior
AAMAS '04 Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 2
Learning hierarchical task networks by observation
ICML '06 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Machine learning
Learning Recursive Control Programs from Problem Solving
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Teleo-reactive programs for agent control
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Modeling cognitive development on the balance scale task
IJCAI'83 Proceedings of the Eighth international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Acquiring recursive concepts with explanation-based learning
IJCAI'89 Proceedings of the 11th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
The effect of rule use on the utility of explanation-based learning
IJCAI'89 Proceedings of the 11th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
SteppingStone: an empirical and analytical evaluation
AAAI'91 Proceedings of the ninth National conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Knowledge-based control of a humanoid robot
IROS'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE/RSJ international conference on Intelligent robots and systems
Information Sciences: an International Journal
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In this paper, we review Icarus, a cognitive architecture that utilizes hierarchical skills and concepts for reactive execution in physical environments. In addition, we present two extensions to the framework. The first involves the incorporation of means-ends analysis, which lets the system compose known skills to solve novel problems. The second involves the storage of new skills that are based on successful means-ends traces. We report experimental studies of these mechanisms on three distinct domains. Our results suggest that the two methods interact to acquire useful skill hierarchies that generalize well and that reduce the effort required to handle new tasks. We conclude with a discussion of related work on learning and prospects for additional research, including extending the framework to cover developmental phenomena.