The design and implementation of a log-structured file system
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
Massive arrays of idle disks for storage archives
Proceedings of the 2002 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
Conserving disk energy in network servers
ICS '03 Proceedings of the 17th annual international conference on Supercomputing
DRPM: dynamic speed control for power management in server class disks
Proceedings of the 30th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Hibernator: helping disk arrays sleep through the winter
Proceedings of the twentieth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Exploiting redundancy to conserve energy in storage systems
SIGMETRICS '06/Performance '06 Proceedings of the joint international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2006
Journal-guided resynchronization for software RAID
FAST'05 Proceedings of the 4th conference on USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies - Volume 4
PARAID: A gear-shifting power-aware RAID
ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS)
Pergamum: replacing tape with energy efficient, reliable, disk-based archival storage
FAST'08 Proceedings of the 6th USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies
Markov Model Based Disk Power Management for Data Intensive Workloads
CCGRID '09 Proceedings of the 2009 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
Robust and flexible power-proportional storage
Proceedings of the 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing
SRCMap: energy proportional storage using dynamic consolidation
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on File and storage technologies
Improving Energy Efficiency and Security for Disk Systems
HPCC '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 12th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications
MemScale: active low-power modes for main memory
Proceedings of the sixteenth international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Sierra: practical power-proportionality for data center storage
Proceedings of the sixth conference on Computer systems
Software-directed data access scheduling for reducing disk energy consumption
Proceedings of the 20th international symposium on High performance distributed computing
Memory power management via dynamic voltage/frequency scaling
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Autonomic computing
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Storage servers consume significant amounts of energy and are highly non-energy-proportional. Fortunately, researchers have proposed disks that adjust their rotation speeds based on utilization. However, these disks either pose significant engineering challenges (by having too many speeds) or adjust behavior only at a coarse grain (by having just two speeds). In this paper, we propose LogStore, a storage system that enables two-speed disks to achieve substantially increased energy proportionality and, consequently, lower energy consumption. Our evaluation with real I/O workloads shows that LogStore can decrease energy consumption significantly, even for very tightly provisioned servers, with a negligible impact on aggregate throughput.