The embedded machine: predictable, portable real-time code
PLDI '02 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2002 Conference on Programming language design and implementation
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 2
Transparent distribution of real-time components based on logical execution time
LCTES '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Languages, compilers, and tools for embedded systems
Many cyclic block diagrams do not need parallel semantics
ACM SIGPLAN Notices
Model-Driven Development of FlexRay-Based Systems with the Timing Definition Language (TDL)
ICSEW '07 Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Software Engineering Workshops
Leveraging synchronous language principles for heterogeneous modeling and design of embedded systems
EMSOFT '07 Proceedings of the 7th ACM & IEEE international conference on Embedded software
Modeling and simulation of TDL applications
MBEERTS'07 Proceedings of the 2007 International Dagstuhl conference on Model-based engineering of embedded real-time systems
Simulation of LET models in simulink and ptolemy
Monterey'08 Proceedings of the 15th Monterey conference on Foundations of Computer Software: future Trends and Techniques for Development
Multiple real-time semantics on top of synchronous block diagrams
Proceedings of the Symposium on Theory of Modeling & Simulation - DEVS Integrative M&S Symposium
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Real-time software components based on the logical execution time (LET) paradigm exhibit equivalent observable behavior independent from the execution platform respectively the simulation environment. Thus, LET ensures a perfect match between simulation and execution on a potentially distributed hardware without having to consider platform specific details already in the application model. Especially for complex multi-mode multi-rate systems, a virtual machine (VM) is the favored approach to ensure the correct timing behavior. Simulation environments typically provide a trigger mechanism that allows for implementing such a VM. This paper discusses data dependency problems that may arise when simulating LET-based components and which considerably limit the applicability of existing approaches in practice. The identified shortcomings concern components with cyclic data flow, control loops involving plants without delay, and the combination of LET-based and conventional components. We present an execution mechanism based on a 2-step 3-phase VM architecture that overcomes these limitations. The presented approach is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink and applicable for mixed time- and event-triggered systems.